Animal feed, pigs {AU}| pig feed production | AusLCI, U
Unit process Australia v00.00.000
This dataset represents the production of 1 kg of feed prepared for pork production. Information representative of the milling process is based on a survey collecting information for five Australian mill, while information specific to the pig diet was reported by a total of 43 producers. This dataset is built using information reported in Copley et al. (2024). It was developed as part of the LCAgMetrics project, a partnership between Agrifutures Australia and Lifecycles, funded by the Australian Government's Sustainability Reporting Uplift Grant as part of the National Agriculture Traceability Grants Program. Documentation for this dataset can be found in the 'LCAgMetrics Methodology for developing Life Cycle Inventory' report, available at https://agrifutures.com.au/ Reference flow: 1 kilogram of feed Production volume: Unknown Activity data: This activity starts at the delivery of raw ingredients to the feed mill. It represents all processes taking place at the mill, including grinding, mixing and pelletising. This activity ends at the mill gate, with feed ready for delivery. Energy value: Unknown Nutritional value: Unknown Geography: Australia Technology level: Current Time period: 2020-2025 Record: Paul-Antoine Bontinck; Tel: +61(0)3 9417 1190; email: office@lifecycles.com.au; company: Life Cycle Strategies; Country: AU Generator: Paul-Antoine Bontinck; Tel: +61(0)3 9417 1190; email: office@lifecycles.com.au; company: Life Cycle Strategies; Country: AU
- Sector
- Material
- Contributor
- —
- Last updated
- 18 Jun 2025
- Reference ID
5c2ec305-aa76-3619-b3f6-55cfe9fa596b
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Documentation
- Quantitative reference
- Animal feed, pigs {AU}| pig feed production | AusLCI, U
- Sampling procedure
- Secondary data based on survey of a representative sample of the industry.
- Creation date
- 18 Jun 2025
- Is copyright protected
- No
- Is infrastructure process
- No
- Tags
- material
- Sources
-
Environmental impacts of Australian pork in 2020 and 2022/2024/Copley M. A.
Product outputs
| Flow | Amount | Unit | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Animal feed, pigs {AU}| pig feed production | AusLCI, U | 1.0 | kg | Carbon content, fossil: 0.0 kg C/kg dry mass. Carbon content, non-fossil: 0.42 kg C/kg dry mass. Dry mass: 0.85 kg/kg wet mass. Wet mass: 1 kg/kg wet mass. |
Technical inputs
| Flow | Amount | Unit | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Animal protein meal {AU}| market for meat meal | AusLCI, U | 0.037848606 | kg | — |
| Barley grain {AU}| market for barley grain | AusLCI, U | 0.249003984 | kg | — |
| Canola meal, at oil mill {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.069721116 | kg | — |
| Canola oil, at oil mill {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.00498008 | kg | — |
| Diesel, burned in building machine, <30 MW {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.08878 | MJ | — |
| Electricity, low voltage {AU}| electricity production, photovoltaic, 3kWp slanted-roof installation, single-Si, panel, mounted | Cut-off, U | 0.0002 | kWh | — |
| Electricity, low voltage {AU}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U | 0.0203 | kWh | — |
| Enzymes {GLO}| market for enzymes | Cut-off, U | 0.013944223 | kg | — |
| Faba bean {AU}| market for faba bean | AusLCI, U | 0.081673307 | kg | — |
| Food waste, residual and by-products {AU}| animal feed input | AusLCI, U | 0.05876494 | kg | — |
| Heat, liquefied petroleum gas, at industrial furnace >100kW/MJ/RER/adapted {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.0159 | MJ | — |
| Limestone, crushed, for mill {RoW}| market for limestone, crushed, for mill | Cut-off, U | 0.020916335 | kg | — |
| Natural gas, burned in <30MW wall fired boiler {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.083 | MJ | — |
| Sorghum grain {AU}| market for sorghum grain | AusLCI, U | 0.030876494 | kg | — |
| Soybean meal {AU}| market for soybean meal | AusLCI, U | 0.025896414 | kg | — |
| Tallow {AU}| market for tallow | AusLCI, U | 0.009960159 | kg | — |
| Tap water, at user, Australia {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.0463 | kg | — |
| Transport, truck, 28t, fleet average {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.021314740999999998 | t*km | — |
| Wheat grain {AU}| market for wheat grain | AusLCI, U | 0.396414343 | kg | — |
Parameters
| Name | Value | Formula | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| animal_protein_FR | 0.037848606 | — | (2,2,2,1,1,na) [kg/kg feed] FY22 national herd feed mix, Table 3 in Copley et al. (2024) |
| AR_toAU_sea | 13286.248 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) [km] Distance between Buenos Aires and Sydney |
| wheat_FR | 0.396414343 | — | (2,2,2,1,1,na) [kg/kg feed] FY22 national herd feed mix, Table 3 in Copley et al. (2024) |
| soybean_import_AR | 0.959 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) [-] Fraction of soybean meal imported from Argentina, as reported on UN Comtrade (https://comtradeplus.un.org/TradeFlow) for 2024, consulted 18/06/2025 |
| additive_lowCost_FR | 0.020916335 | — | (2,2,2,1,1,na) [kg/kg feed] FY22 national herd feed mix, Table 3 in Copley et al. (2024) |
| sorghum_FR | 0.030876494 | — | (2,2,2,1,1,na) [kg/kg feed] FY22 national herd feed mix, Table 3 in Copley et al. (2024) |
| edv_diesel | 38.6 | — | [MJ/litres] Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water (2024) National Greenhouse Accounts Factors |
| US_rail_toPort | 965.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) [km] Distance from soybean production site to port of export. Soybean meal is primarily exported from the Mississippi Gulf (New Orleans) with over 60% reported by USDA. About 31% of it is transported by rail from the point of the production to the port. We assume the distance betwen St Louis and New Orleans to be representative, as primary productive regions are Illinois, Minnesota and Iowa. |
| foodWaste_FR | 0.009960159 | — | (2,2,2,1,1,na) [kg/kg feed] FY22 national herd feed mix, Table 3 in Copley et al. (2024) |
| domestic_road | 200.0 | — | (4,5,1,1,1,na) [km] Assumption - used for non-market commodities |
| US_barge_FR | 0.61 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) [-] Fraction of exported soybean meal transported by barge, as reported by USDA |
| soybean_import_US | 0.041 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) [-] Fraction of soybean meal imported from Argentina, as reported on UN Comtrade (https://comtradeplus.un.org/TradeFlow) for 2024, consulted 18/06/2025 |
| residuals_FR | 0.00498008 | — | (2,2,2,1,1,na) [kg/kg feed] FY22 national herd feed mix, Table 3 in Copley et al. (2024) |
| tallow_FR | 0.009960159 | — | (2,2,2,1,1,na) [kg/kg feed] FY22 national herd feed mix, Table 3 in Copley et al. (2024) |
| US_barge_toPort | 1770.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) [km] Distance from soybean production site to port of export. Soybean meal is primarily exported from the Mississippi Gulf (New Orleans) with over 60% reported by USDA. About 61% of it is transported by barge from the point of the production to the port. We assume the distance betwen St Louis and New Orleans to be representative, as primary productive regions are Illinois, Minnesota and Iowa. |
| additive_highCost_FR | 0.013944223 | — | (2,2,2,1,1,na) [kg/kg feed] FY22 national herd feed mix, Table 3 in Copley et al. (2024) |
| US_toAU_sea | 16880.98 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) [km] Distance between New Orleans and Sydney |
| LPG | 0.0159 | — | (2,3,2,1,1,na) [MJ/kg feed] FY22 average input, Table S2 of Copley et al. (2024) |
| plant_protein_meal_FR | 0.069721116 | — | (2,2,2,1,1,na) [kg/kg feed] FY22 national herd feed mix, Table 3 in Copley et al. (2024) |
| diesel | 0.0023 | — | (2,3,2,1,1,na) [litre/kg feed] FY22 average input, Table S2 of Copley et al. (2024) |
| vegetable_fats_oils_FR | 0.00498008 | — | (2,2,2,1,1,na) [kg/kg feed] FY22 national herd feed mix, Table 3 in Copley et al. (2024) |
| naturalgas | 0.083 | — | (2,3,2,1,1,na) [MJ/kg feed] FY22 average input, Table S2 of Copley et al. (2024) |
| INGREDIENTS__ | — | — | — |
| barley_FR | 0.249003984 | — | (2,2,2,1,1,na) [kg/kg feed] FY22 national herd feed mix, Table 3 in Copley et al. (2024) |
| soybean_meal_FR | 0.025896414 | — | (2,2,2,1,1,na) [kg/kg feed] FY22 national herd feed mix, Table 3 in Copley et al. (2024) |
| pulses_FR | 0.081673307 | — | (2,2,2,1,1,na) [kg/kg feed] FY22 national herd feed mix, Table 3 in Copley et al. (2024) |
| electricity_grid | 0.0203 | — | (2,3,2,1,1,na) [kWh/kg feed] FY22 average input, Table S2 of Copley et al. (2024) |
| byproducts_FR | 0.043824701 | — | (2,2,2,1,1,na) [kg/kg feed] FY22 national herd feed mix, Table 3 in Copley et al. (2024) |
| electricity_solar | 0.0002 | — | (2,3,2,1,1,na) [kWh/kg feed] FY22 average input, Table S2 of Copley et al. (2024) |
| water | 0.0463 | — | (2,3,2,1,1,na) [litre/kg feed] FY22 average input, Table S2 of Copley et al. (2024) |
| US_rail_FR | 0.39 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) [-] Fraction of exported soybean meal transported by rail, as reported by USDA |
| INPUTS__ | — | — | — |
| OTHER_PARAMETER__ | — | — | — |