Cattle, manufacturing beef, live weight, South Coast {AU-NSW}| feeder steers | AusLCI, U
Unit process v00.00.000
This dataset represents the production of cattle for beef. The reference flow is 100 Documentation for this dataset can be found in the 'LCAgMetrics Methodology for developing Life Cycle Inventory' report, available at https://agrifutures.com.au/. (Hume, I., Renouf, M.A., Eady, S.J., Grant, T., 2025). It was developed as part of the LCAgMetrics project, a partnership between Agrifutures Australia and Lifecycles, funded by the Australian Government's Sustainability Reporting Uplift Grant as part of the National Agriculture Traceability Grants Program. Production Volume: 20916.111 kg Activities included: The inventory begins with the breeding, growing and maintenance of cattle in the State, Region, and Production System detailed. Activities included are: Pasture, feed inputs, supplements and energy use on farm. Direct field emissions are included. The system boundary ends at the farm gate with the production of cattle for sale in three classes - culled cattle (Cast For Age cows and bulls), prime cattle (heifers, feeder steers and finished steers) and weaner cattle (female and male). Energy values: 13.0 MJ/kg. Nutritional values: Protein: 14.1%. Carbohydrate: 0.8%. Fat: 14.6%. Geography: South Coast, New South Wales, Australia. Technology level: Represents current practices as per gross margins reports (NSW DPI 2023 Rural Solutions SA 2022). Time period: 2017-2021. Version: 1.2 Record: Data entry by: Sandra Eady Tel: ; email: office@lifecycles.com.au; company:Lifecycles; Country: AU Generator: Generator/publicator: Sandra Eady Tel: ; email: office@lifecycles.com.au; company:Lifecycles; Country: AU
- Sector
- Material
- Contributor
- —
- Last updated
- 29 Apr 2024
- Reference ID
66c542e6-eb69-3f83-a2a8-320e2fea2df9
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Documentation
- Quantitative reference
- Cattle, manufacturing beef, live weight, South Coast {AU-NSW}| feeder steers | AusLCI, U
- Sampling procedure
- Herd structure and product turn-off from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024).
- Creation date
- 29 Apr 2024
- Is copyright protected
- No
- Is infrastructure process
- No
- Tags
- material
- Sources
-
National Inventory Report (NIR) 2023/2025/DCCEEW
Ash alkalinity/1991/Slattery et al.
Building a foundation for soil condition assessment/2009/Baldock et al.
Environmental performance of large ruminant supply chains/2016/FAO
A Greenhouse Accounting Framework for Beef and Sheep/2020/Ekonomou A.
Agricultural Commodities, Australia, 2018-2022/2023/ABS
Assessing beef carcass tissue weights\2010\Navajas et al.
Beef Cattle Gross Margin Budget/2023/NSW DPI /2023
Efficiency of absorbed protein/2018/Mariz, L.D.S. et al
Farm Gross Margin 2015/2015/Rural Solutions SA PIRSA
Land use of Australia 2010-11 to 2020-21/2024/ABARES
Protein content of liveweight/2022/Honig, A.C. et al
Representative Herds Templates for Northern Australia V1.00/2011/Holmes et al.
The heat of combustion values of the protein and fat in pigs\1972\Sharma et al.
Product outputs
| Flow | Amount | Unit | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cattle, manufacturing beef, live weight, South Coast {AU-NSW}| feeder steers | AusLCI, U | 7863.634 | kg | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Uncertainty 1.07. Quantity of cattle sold (kg live weight). Carbon content, fossil: 0.0 kg C/kg dry mass. Carbon content, non-fossil: 0.51 kg C/kg dry mass. Dry mass: 0.32 kg/kg wet mass. Wet mass: 1 kg/kg wet mass. |
Technical inputs
| Flow | Amount | Unit | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon correction factor {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 274.78975948993025 | kg | — |
| Cattle, manufacturing beef, live weight, South Coast , biogenic C not balanced {AU-NSW}| feeder steers | AusLCI, U | 7863.634 | kg | — |
Parameters
| Name | Value | Formula | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MAN_CH4 | 672.771 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg Methane from manure. Calculated using GAFF Beef and Sheep based on National Inventory Report 2021. Volume 1. |
| DM_Dry_mix | 0.9 | — | Dry matter fraction of dry season mix |
| BioC_all__corr_Weaners | -63.2959833944052 | BioC_Actual_Weaners-BioC_CurrentAll_Weaners | This is the correction to the biogenic carbon required to balance the biogenic carbon for weaners in kg C. |
| KM_Cottonseed | 400.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for cottonseed (km) |
| Protein_Pellets | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total protein pellets 20% CP fed (kg) |
| EN_Weaners | 14090123.1 | EN_lwt*1000*KG_Weaners | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total calorific value (kcal) of Weaners. |
| Cottonseed | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total cottonseed fed (kg) |
| EN_CulledBreeders | 24377265.4 | En_lwt*1000*KG_CulledBreeders | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total calorific value (kcal) of VulledBreeders. |
| Soil_C_loss | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Loss of Soil Orgnic Carbon t C/ha/year in 0-30cm layer |
| DM_Wet_mix | 0.9 | — | Dry matter fraction of wet season mix |
| TotalTkmRoad | 2062.614165128 | (Dry_mix*KM_Lick+Wet_mix*KM_LICK+Hay*KM_Hay+Copra*KM_Copra+Molasses*KM_Molasses+Cottonseed*KM_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*KM_Protein_Pellets+Tot_P_fert*KM_fert+Fuel_use*0.84*KM_fuel)/1000 | (3,1,1,1,1,na) 2.1 Uncertainty. Total transport for inputs to the system in tkm. All assumed to be transported by articulated trucks. |
| KG_CulledBreeders | 7863.634 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Culled cattle sold (kg live weight) e.g. mature bulls, cows and spay cows >3 years old, calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications ( New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| Water | 1615781.035 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total drinking water intake (L/year) |
| Pro_Total | 2665.99568 | Pro_CulledBreeders+Pro_PrimeCattle+Pro_Weaners | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total protein requirment for all coproducts leaving the farm (kg) |
| P_fert | 10.0 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Fertiliser applied as single superphosphate 8.8% P (kg/ha/year). Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications ( New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| BioC_inputs | 1186.8219649 | Hay*DM_hay*CC_Hay+Copra*DM_Copra*CC_Copra+Molasses*DM_Molasses*CC_Molasses+Cottonseed*DM_Cottonseed*CC_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*DM_Protein_Pellets*CC_Protein_Pellets+PUR_Bulls*DM_Livecattle*CC_Livecattle | kg biogenic carbon inputs from feeds |
| Allocation | 1.0 | — | Allocation switch, 1 = Economic alocation (default for AusLCI), 2 = Energy allocation, 3 = Mass allocation, 4 = Protein Allocation. |
| ID_tag | 25.0 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Weight of plastic ID tag individual (g) |
| Sorghum_graz | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total area of forage sorghum grazed (ha) |
| AF_Hay | -0.7 | — | Acid factor for hay (kMol/kg) based on (Slatery et al.). |
| IntParasites_weaners | 2.0 | — | Number of internal parasite treatments for weaners (New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| BioC_all__corr_CulledBreeders | 274.78975948993025 | BioC_Actual_CulledBreeders-BioC_CurrentAll_CulledBreeders | This is the correction to the biogenic carbon required to balance the biogenic carbon for culled breeders in kg C. |
| KG_PrimeCattle | 20916.111 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Prime cattle sold (kg live weight) e.g. steers/bullocks, heifers (2 and 3 year old), calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications ( New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| DU_N2O | 43.396 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from dung and urine. Calculated using GAFF Beef and Sheep based on National Inventory Report 2021. Volume 1. |
| CC_Copra | 0.45 | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content of 0.5 as DM |
| AF_Cattle | 0.34 | — | Acid factor for red meat (kMol/kg) based on (Slattery et al.). |
| Tot_P_fert | 3237.16 | P_fert*HA_Grazing*PR_fert | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total fertiliser applied as single superphosphate (kg) |
| BioC_Actual_Primecattle | 3609.6815202690004 | kg_Primecattle*DM_Livecattle*CC_Livecattle | The actual amount of biogenic carbon which should be allocated Prime cattle in kg C. |
| KG_Weaners | 4545.201 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Weaners sold (kg live weight) - both sexes < 1 year old, calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications ( New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| BioC_Actual_Weaners | 784.4062433790001 | kg_Weaners*DM_Livecattle*CC_Livecattle | The actual amount of biogenic carbon which should be allocated weaners in kg C. |
| DAM_CH4 | 689.51508 | DAM_CH4_ha*HA_GRAZING | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total methane emissions form darm dams (kg) (excluding manure fraction which is counted elsewhere) |
| P_CulledBreeders | 2.76 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for National Processor Cow Indicator ($/kg live weight sold) from MLA https://www.mla.com/prices-markets/statistics/ for 5 year period 2019 - 2024. |
| BiogenicCO2 | — | Soil_C_loss*3.667*HA_GRAZING*0 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.5 Uncertainty. Total SOC change in units of CO2-eq |
| PUR_Bulls_WT | 900.0 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Liveweight (kg) of replacement bulls purchased each year. Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011) and Gross Margin publications ( New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| BioC_all_Corr_Primecattle | 310.29284867115666 | BioC_CurrentAll_PrimeCattle-BioC_Actual_Primecattle | This is the correction to the biogenic carbon required to balance the biogenic carbon for prime cattle in kg C. |
| AF_Cottonseed | — | — | Acid factor for cottonseed (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009). |
| Evap_water_loss | — | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) Evaporative water loss from farm dams (ML/ha/year). Dam density described by National Inventory Report Vol 1 (Australian Government 2024) with evaporation rate from Bureau of Metorology 1990-2020. |
| Evap_water_loss_T | — | Evap_water_loss*HA_GRAZING | (1,1,1,1,1,na) 1.05 Uncertainty. Total evaporative water loss from farm dams (ML/year) |
| EN_PrimeCattle | 64839944.1 | EN_lwt*1000*KG_PrimeCattle | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total calorific value (kcal) of PrimeCattle. |
| P_PrimeCattle | 3.961 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for Young Cattle Indicator (Eastern and Western) and National Feeder Steer ($/kg live weight sold) from MLA https://www.mla.com/prices-markets/statistics/ for 5 year period 2019 - 2024. |
| CC_Dry_mix | — | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content 0.0 of dry season mix |
| CC_Protein_Pellets | 0.405 | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content of 0.5 as DM |
| ID_tags | 2150.2 | Calves_weaned*ID_tag | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Weight of ID tags total (g) |
| DM_Protein_Pellets | 0.9 | — | Dry matter fraction of protein pellets |
| CC_Wet_mix | — | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content 0.0 of wet season mix |
| Hay | 3010.267 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total hay fed (kg) |
| IntParasites_cows | 2.0 | — | Number of internal parasite treatments for cows (New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| AF_Dry_mix | 0.012 | — | Acid factor for urea (kMol/kg) assuming 30% urea in dry season mix, based on (Baldock et al. 2009). |
| CC_Hay | 0.4 | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content of 0.4 as DM, NIR 2023 (DCCEEW 2025) |
| P_Weaners | 3.74 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for Restocker Yearlings (Heifers and Steers) ($/kg live weight sold) from MLA https://www.mla.com/prices-markets/statistics/ for 5 year period 2019 - 2024. |
| DM_Cottonseed | 0.9 | — | Dry matter fraction of cottonseed |
| KM_fuel | 300.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for fuel to farm (km) |
| LEACH_N2O | 25.134 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from leached N. Calculated using GAFF Beef and Sheep based on National Inventory Report 2021. Volume 1. Frac_WET estimated independently for each livestock region. |
| All_Weaners_Eco | 13.985073083855607 | (KG_Weaners*P_Weaners)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners)*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Economic allocation fraction for Weaned cattle - default for AusLCI (%) |
| AF_Copra | — | — | Acid factor for copra (kMol/kg) based on web search unspecifed sources. |
| BioC_Pasture_nett | 13812.154950834001 | BioC_Products+BioC_as_CH4_emissions-BioC_inputs | kg biogenic carbon added to cattle by pasture after accounting incoming feed, respiration, losses as methane and other losses from system. |
| CC_livecattle | 0.541 | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content 0.541 of animal as DM. (Average carbon content of 0.175 C/kg liveweight assuming dressing of 63%, carcase composition of 70% meat, 20% fat and 10% bone; dry matter content of 15% by-product (blood, rumen, heads and hooves), 25% meat, 85% fat and 74% bone; and carbon content of 53% by-product, 53% meat, 76% fat and 7.5% bone.) |
| EFN_Leach | 0.011 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Emissions factor for proportion of N leached released as N2O. |
| Dry_mix | 2744.687 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total dry season lick (kg) |
| All_PrimeCattle | 68.15941037676423 | iff(Allocation=1;All_PrimeCattle_Eco;iff(Allocation=2; All_PrimeCattle_EN; iff(Allocation =3; All_PrimeCattle_Mass; All_Pro_PrimeCattle))) | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to prime cattle. (%) |
| HA_GRAZING | 323.716 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Hectares grazing land by Livestock Region based on based on SA2 Level data from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2017/18-2021/22 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2023) and Land Use of Australia (ABARES 2025). |
| Tot_En | 103307332.6 | En_CulledBreeders+En_PrimeCattle+En_Weaners | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total calorific value (kcal) of co-products. |
| DM_Livecattle | 0.319 | — | Dry matter fraction of cattle |
| NAAR_Cattle | 11.330481640000002 | producttotal*af_cattle/1000 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Change in soil acidity (H ion eq/t) from export of cattle product |
| AF_Molasses | — | — | Acid factor for molasses (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009). |
| Cows | 100.009 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Number of cows and heifers mated using herd structure from from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011) and farm gross margins (New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| BioC_CurrentAll_PrimeCattle | 3919.974368940157 | BioC_Products*All_PrimeCattle/100 | Due to the allocation approach this is how much biogenic CO2 is being directed to the prime cattle product. in kg C. This is likely not the correct amount. |
| All_Weaners_En | 13.639034853949953 | En_Weaners/Tot_En*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to Weaners based on energy content (%) |
| ENT_CH4 | 10968.102 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg Methane from enteric fermentation. Calculated using GAFF Beef and Sheep based on National Inventory Report 2021. Volume 1. |
| All_CulledBreeders_Eco | 17.85551653938017 | (KG_CulledBreeders*P_CulledBreeders)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners)*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Economic allocation fraction for Culled cattle (%) - default for AusLCI |
| CC_Cottonseed | 0.45 | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content of 0.4 as DM, NIR 2023 (DCCEEW 2025) |
| BioC_Products | 5751.185855734001 | Producttotal*DM_Livecattle*CC_Livecattle | kg biogenic carbon in outputs of all products in the inventory before applying allocation |
| DMI | 529860.019 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg Dry matter intake. Calculated using GAFF Beef and Sheep based on National Inventory Report 2021. Volume 1. |
| KM_Copra | 600.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for copra (km) |
| All_Pro_CulledBreeders | 23.596839436739078 | Pro_CulledBreeders/Pro_Total*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to Culled Breeders based on protein requirement (%) |
| All_PrimeCattle_Mass | 62.76412570931097 | kg_PrimeCattle/ProductTotal*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Mass allocation fraction for Prime cattle (%) |
| EFF_P_Lwt | 0.4 | — | Efficiency of use of absorbed protein partitioned to liveweight. Mariz, L.D.S. 2018 J. Anim Sci 96: 670-683 doi: 10.1093/jas/sky018 |
| DAM_CH4_HA | 2.13 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Methane emissions form farm dams (kg CH4 ha/yr), calcuted using the temperature based approach descibed by National Inventory Report Vol 1 (Australian Government 2024). Dam density described by National Inventory Report Vol 1 (Australian Government 2024). |
| BioC_as_CH4_emissions | 9247.79106 | (Ent_CH4+Man_CH4+Dam_Ch4)*12/16 | kg biogenic carbon emitted as methane from various sources. |
| Elec_use | 191.317217 | Elec*Cows | (1,1,1,1,1,na) 1.05 Uncertainty. Whole farm electricity use (kWh) |
| All_PrimeCattle_En | 62.76412570931098 | En_PrimeCattle/Tot_En*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to PrimeCattle based on energy content (%) |
| KM_Protein_pellets | 600.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for protein_pellets (km) |
| Fuel_use | 64.605814 | Fuel*Cows | (1,1,1,1,1,na) 1.05 Uncertainty. Whole farm fuel use (L) |
| ProductTotal | 33324.946 | KG_PrimeCattle+KG_CulledBreeders+kg_Weaners | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total production of cattle from this process (kg live weight) |
| DM_Copra | 0.9 | — | Dry matter fraction of copra |
| Fuel | 0.646 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) Fuel (L diesel/Cow mated) calculated from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES for 2018-2022 (https://www.agriculture.gov.au/abares/data/farm-data-portal). |
| DM_Hay | 0.88 | — | Dry matter fraction of hay |
| Wet_mix | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total wet season lick (kg) |
| All_Weaners_Mass | 13.63903485394995 | kg_Weaners/ProductTotal*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Mass allocation fraction for Weaner cattle (%) |
| N_LeachGW | 1438.039626 | TotN_LeachGW-(TotN_LeachGW*EFN_Leach) | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.4 Uncertainty. N leached to ground water adjusted for N loss from N2O (kg). |
| Elec | 1.913 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) Electricity (kWh/Cow mated) calculated from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES for 2018-2022 (https://www.agriculture.gov.au/abares/data/farm-data-portal). |
| Vaccine | 372.034 | (Cows+Calves_weaned)*Vaccine_vol | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Vaccine administered for clostridial and reproductive diseases (ml). |
| KM_Cattle | 110.0 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for purchased bulls (km). See Durr et al. 2010 at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287990558_GIS_mapping_of_cattle_market_service_areas_using_the_National_Livestock_Identification_System_NLIS_-_Final_report |
| Pro_Weaners | 363.61608 | KG_Weaners*PC_Lwt*EFF_P_Lwt | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total protein requirement to produce Weaners (kg) |
| Copra | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total copra meal fed (kg) |
| All_CulledBreeders_Mass | 23.59683943673907 | kg_CulledBreeders/ProductTotal*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Mass allocation fraction for Culled cattle (%) |
| ATMOS_N2O | 4.557 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from N deposited from atmosphere. Calculated using GAFF Beef and Sheep based on National Inventory Report 2021. Volume 1. |
| PUR_Bulls_NO | 0.819 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Number of replacement bulls purchased per year. Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011) and Gross Margin publications (New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| KM_Hay | 100.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for hay (km) |
| BioC_CurrentAll_CulledBreeders | 1082.3083325960697 | (BioC_Products+BioC_all_Corr_Primecattle)*All_Culledbreeders/100 | Due to the allocation approach this is how much biogenic CO2 is being directed to the culled breeders product. in kg C. This is likely not the correct amount. |
| DeterminingProd | 4545.201 | KG_Weaners | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Determining product will change with production system: = KG_Weaners when KG_Weaners > KG_PrimeCattle, otherwise KG_PrimeCattle. |
| Pro_PrimeCattle | 1673.28888 | KG_PrimeCattle*PC_Lwt*EFF_P_Lwt | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total protein requirement to produce PrimeCattle (kg) |
| BioC_Actual_CulledBreeders | 1357.098092086 | kg_Culledbreeders*DM_Livecattle*CC_Livecattle | The actual amount of biogenic carbon which should be allocated culled breeders in kg C. |
| All_CulledBreeders | 17.85551653938017 | iff(Allocation=1;All_CulledBreeders_Eco;iff(Allocation=2; All_Culledbreeders_EN; iff(Allocation =3; All_Culledbreeders_Mass; All_Pro_Culledbreeders))) | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to culled breeders. (%) |
| Calves_weaned | 86.008 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Number of calves weaned using herd structure from from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011) and farm gross margins (New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| Molasses | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total molasses fed (kg) |
| PC_Lwt | 0.2 | — | Protein content of liveweight. Honig, A.C. et al. 2022 Meat Science 184 doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108685 |
| EN_lwt | 3.1 | — | Calorific value (kcal/g) of live cattle at 54% dressing %. Sharma et al. 1972 and Navaja et al. 2010. |
| TotN_LeachGW | 1454.034 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) total N leached to ground water (kg). Calculated using GAFF Beef and Sheep based on National Inventory Report 2021. Volume 1. |
| Anthelmintics | 372.034 | (Cows*IntParasites_cows)+(Calves_weaned*IntParasites_weaners) | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Number of doses of anthelmintic adimistered for internal parasites |
| Vaccine_vol | 2.0 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Volume of individual vaccine (ml) |
| All_Weaners | 13.985073083855607 | iff(Allocation=1;All_Weaners_Eco;iff(Allocation=2; All_Weaners_EN; iff(Allocation =3; All_Weaners_Mass; All_Pro_Weaners))) | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to weaners. (%) |
| DM_Molasses | 0.825 | — | Dry matter fraction of molasses |
| PR_fert | 1.0 | — | Proportion of grazed area fertilsed with single superphosphate |
| All_Pro_PrimeCattle | 62.76412570931098 | Pro_PrimeCattle/Pro_Total*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to Prime Cattle based on protein requirement (%) |
| AF_Wet_mix | — | — | Acid factor for urea (kMol/kg) assuming 30% urea in wet season mix, based on (Baldock et al. 2009). |
| All_Pro_Weaners | 13.639034853949953 | Pro_Weaners/Pro_Total*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to Weaners based on protein requirement (%) |
| Pro_CulledBreeders | 629.0907200000001 | KG_CulledBreeders*PC_Lwt*EFF_P_Lwt | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total protein requirement to produce Culled Breeders (kg) |
| Cattle | 201.996 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total number of cattle (Adult Equivalents) carried for the year using herd structure from from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011) and farm gross margins (New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| KM_Lick | 400.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for dry and wet season lick (km) |
| Oats_graz | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total area of forage oats grazed (ha) |
| BioC_CurrentAll_Weaners | 847.7022267734053 | (BioC_Products+BioC_all_Corr_Primecattle)*All_Weaners/100 | Due to the allocation approach this is how much biogenic CO2 is being directed to the weaner product. in kg C. This is likely not the correct amount. |
| KM_Molasses | 400.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for molasses (km) |
| PUR_Bulls | 737.0999999999999 | PUR_Bulls_WT*PUR_Bulls_NO | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total liveweight of replacement bulls purchased each year (kg) |
| CC_Molasses | 0.347 | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content of 0.42 as DM |
| AF_Protein_Pellets | — | — | Acid factor for protein pellets (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009). |
| KM_fert | 200.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for fertiliser to farm (km) |
| All_PrimeCattle_Eco | 68.15941037676423 | (P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners)*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Economic allocation fraction for Prime cattle - default for AusLCI (%) |
| NAAR_Inputs | -2.074250656 | (Dry_mix*AF_Dry_mix+Wet_mix*AF_Wet_mix+Hay*AF_Hay+Copra*AF_Copra+Molasses*AF_Molasses+Cottonseed*AF_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*AF_Protein_Pellets)/1000 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Net change in soil acidity (H ion eq) from imported products (feeds, fertilizer) |
| All_CulledBreeders_En | 23.596839436739074 | En_CulledBreeders/Tot_En*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to CulledBreeders based on energy content (%) |
| TRANS_cattle | 81.08099999999999 | PUR_Bulls/1000*KM_Cattle | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 2 Uncertainty. Livestock transport for purchased cattle (t.km). |