AusLCI — Australian Life Cycle Inventory Database
Home / Material / Cereal hay and silage, dryland, Brisbane, Qld, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U

Cereal hay and silage, dryland, Brisbane, Qld, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U

Unit process Australia v00.00.000

Included processes: The inventory includes the processes for growing cereal hay and silage without irrigation on arable land in the agro-ecological region AER 16, Brisbane, Moreton, in QueenslandInputs of fertilisers, pesticides as well as the transports to the farm are considered. All tractor operations, fuel supply and machine infrastructure is included. The direct emissions on the field are also included. The system boundary ends at the field gate with all further processes such as transport, storage, packaging are excluded. Inventory refers to the production of a crop on 1 ha over 1 year from the end of the previous crop to the point of harvesting of the next crop. Remark: This inventory has been developed with support from the Australian Commonwealth Government through the National Landcare Programme Innovation Grant and the Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC). The inventory was developed by CSIRO, the Department of Primary Industries NSW and Lifecycles. More detail on inventory development can be found in the Methodology for Developing Life Cycle Inventory' documents located at http://auslci.com.au/index.php/AusAgLCI. ; Geography: Refers to an average production in the agro-ecological region AER 16, Brisbane, Moreton, in Queensland, AustraliaTechnology: AverageTime period: Data collected for 2011-2016. Record: Data entry by: Bharat Sharma; Tel: +61(0)3 8669 2048; email: brett@lifecycles.com.au; company: Life Cycle Strategies; Country: AU Generator: Data entry by: Aaron Simmons Tel: ; email: aaron.simmons@dpi.nsw.gov.au; company: NSW Department of Primary Industries ; Country: AU

Sector
Material
Contributor
—
Last updated
07 Oct 2017
Reference ID
7d595fe1-38fe-3a65-9bd5-deb3578c5ff4

Download this dataset Ask a question about this dataset

Downloads require a free account. You'll be asked to register or sign in.

Documentation

Quantitative reference
Cereal hay and silage, dryland, Brisbane, Qld, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U
Sampling procedure
Sampling procedure: Face-to-face interviews with regional experts
Creation date
07 Oct 2017
Is copyright protected
No
Is infrastructure process
No
Tags
material
Sources
—

Product outputs

Flow AmountUnitComment
Cereal hay and silage, dryland, Brisbane, Qld, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U 3520.0 kg —

Technical inputs

Flow AmountUnitComment
Cultivating, broadacre crop, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.38 ha Surface x number of times ha is processed
Cultivating, broadacre crop, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 1.0 ha Surface x number of times ha is processed
Hay baling, round bales, broadacre crop, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 1.0 ha Surface x number of times ha is processed
Limestone, crushed, for mill {RoW}| market for limestone, crushed, for mill | Cut-off, U 180.0 kg Mass limestone
Monoammonium phosphate {AU}| market for monoammonium phosphate | AusLCI, U 41.0 kg Mass monoammonium phosphate
Pesticide, unspecified {GLO}| market for pesticide, unspecified | Cut-off, U 0.015 kg Mass chlorsulfuron
Pesticide, unspecified {GLO}| market for pesticide, unspecified | Cut-off, U 0.285 kg Mass MCPA
Planting, broadacre crop, soil clay content 10 to 20%, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 1.0 ha Surface x number of times ha is processed
Spraying, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 1.0 ha Surface x number of times ha is processed
Transport, truck, 28t, fleet average {AU}| | AusLCI, U 73260.0 kg*km total mass of ingredients supplied to farm x average supply distance
Urea {AU}| market for urea | AusLCI, U 145.0 kg Mass urea

Elementary flow inputs

Flow Sub-compartment AmountUnitComment
Carbon dioxide, in air in air 10872.576 kg Atmospheric CO2 absorbed by the plant - Yield x (Drymatter content of crop x Carbon content of crop + Plant residue x Dry matter content of residue x Carbon content of residue) x Carbon to Carbon dioxide conversion factor
Occupation, annual crop, non-irrigated land 1.0 ha*a Actual land used for the cropping
Occupation, annual crop, non-irrigated, fallow land 0.0 ha*a Crop fallow as a part of crop rotation allocated across all crops in the rotation

Elementary flow outputs

Flow CompartmentSub-compartment AmountUnitComment
2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid Emission to waterground water 0.0 kg Mass of active ingredient MCPA applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to freshwater - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid Emissions to soilforestry 0.01917341884098 kg Mass of active ingredient MCPA applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to natural land - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid Emission to waterriver 0.000354551693265 kg Mass of active ingredient MCPA applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to freshwater - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
Ammonia Emission to airlow population density 8.59512 kg Direct emissions from fertilizers, Ammonia emissions - Nitrogen applied x fraction of nitrogen volatilized x conversion factor
Antimony, ion Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.000011950861823999998 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Arsenic, ion Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.0000007794040319999999 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Butadiene Emission to airlow population density 0.0015037913087999999 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Cadmium (II) Emissions to soilagricultural 240.6 kg Mass of Cadmium contained in fertilizer x Fraction released in soil
Cadmium (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.000016107683328 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Carbon dioxide Emission to airlow population density 0.0 kg Annual soil carbon change. By default the switch is set to 0 to not soil carbon change. To include the value for soil carbon change set the switch to 1. The results still contain significant uncertainty and should be used with extreme care. This value was calculated using APSIM for the agroecological region for the current rotations of crops in this area.
Carbon dioxide, fossil Emission to airlow population density 79.19999999999999 kg Emissions from lime application - Carbon applied with lime and dolomite x Emission factor x Conversion factor
Carbon dioxide, from soil or biomass stock Emission to airlow population density 0.0 kg By default land-use change is not included in the inventory due to high uncertainties in the calculation. However a value from the land-use change calculator developed by Blonk consultants has been included and can be switched on by changing the value of DLUC_switch to 1 calculated average LUC emissions if included
Carbon dioxide, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 106.33333333333333 kg Emissions from urea application, reported as biogenic due to the ecoinvent background process used. Carbon applied with urea x Conversion factor
Carbon dioxide, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 0.0 kg Emissions from burning residues - Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x Fry matter content x Burning efficiency x Carbon content x CO2 emission factor x Conversion factor
Carbon dioxide, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 4283.998507008 kg Emissions from burning residues - Residue which is not removed, and not burnt is assumed to degrade to biogenic carbon dioxide.
Carbon monoxide Emission to airlow population density 1.803326976 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Carbon monoxide, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 2.2248042246143998 kg Emissions from burning residues - Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x Fry matter content x Burning efficiency x Carbon content x CO emission factor x Conversion factor
Chlorsulfuron Emission to soilagricultural 0.013822212077144999 kg Mass of active ingredient chlorsulfuron applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to other agricultural land and fraction reaching soil - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
Chlorsulfuron Emissions to soilforestry 0.00100912730742 kg Mass of active ingredient chlorsulfuron applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to natural land - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
Chlorsulfuron Emissions to watergroundwater 0.0 kg Mass of active ingredient chlorsulfuron applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to freshwater - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
Chlorsulfuron Emissions to waterriver 0.000018660615435 kg Mass of active ingredient chlorsulfuron applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to freshwater - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
Chlorsulfuron Emission to airunspecified 0.00015 kg Mass of active ingredient chlorsulfuron applied x fraction released in air - Primary partitioning from PESTLCI
Chromium (VI) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.000008069124096 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Cobalt II Emission to airlow population density 0.000002857814784 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Copper, ion Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.000005715629568 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.013739290469999998 kg Fertilizers leaching, Nitrous oxide emissions - Nitrogen applied x fraction of nitrogen available for leaching x fraction of nitrogen leaching x emission factor x conversion factor
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.0021901908260571422 kg Emissions from burning residues - Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x Fry matter content x Burning efficiency x Nitrogen content above ground x N2O emission factor x Conversion factor
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.7118945229503231 kg Direct emissions from fertilizers, Nitrous oxide emissions - Nitrogen applied x Emission factor x Conversion factor
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.5160536827776 kg Emissions from residues - (Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Dry matter content x Nitrogen content x (1-Fraction of residues burnt - Fraction of residues removed) + (Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Residue ratio above/below ground x Dry matter content x Nitrogen content below ground)) x Emission factor x Conversion factor
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.033837142857142864 kg Emissions from Mineralisation of N is loss of soil organic matter
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.0711894522950323 kg Indirect emissions from fertilizers, Nitrous oxide emissions - Nitrogen applied x Fraction of nitrogen volatilized x Emission factor x Conversion factor
Lead (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.000013265150975999998 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Lead (II) Emissions to soilagricultural 128.55 kg Mass of Lead contained in fertilizer x Fraction released in soil
MCPA Emission to soilagricultural 0.26262202946575497 kg Mass of active ingredient MCPA applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to other agricultural land and fraction reaching soil - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
MCPA Emission to airunspecified 0.0028499999999999997 kg Mass of active ingredient MCPA applied x fraction released in air - Primary partitioning from PESTLCI
Manganese (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00003270440448 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Mercury (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.000003392699904 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Mercury (II) Emissions to soilagricultural 0.53325 kg Mass of Mercury contained in fertilizer x Fraction released in soil
Methane, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 0.0570401491968 kg Emissions from burning residues - Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x Fry matter content x Burning efficiency x Carbon content x CH4 emission factor x Conversion factor
NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compounds Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.12983587448832 kg Emissions from burning residues - Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x Fry matter content x Burning efficiency x Carbon content x NMVOC emission factor x Conversion factor
Nickel (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.0000046764241919999995 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Nitrate Emission to waterriver 5.1258164744700005 kg Fertilizers leaching, Nitrous oxide emissions - Nitrogen applied x fraction of nitrogen available for leaching x fraction of nitrogen leaching from NIR x (1-nitrogen reemitted to air) x conversion factor
Nitrogen oxides Emission to airlow population density 0.06754834944 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Nitrogen oxides Emission to airlow population density 0.12654954031104 kg Emissions from burning residues - Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x Fry matter content x Burning efficiency x Nitrogen content above ground x NOx emission factor x Conversion factor
Nitrogen, atmospheric Emissions to airlow. pop. 22.23 kg Amount calcualted from APSIM runs for full rotation in AER.
Particulates, < 10 um Emission to airlow population density 0.259801344 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Phosphate Emission to waterground water 0.01175958 kg Phosphorus leaching to ground water 0.07kg P per ha.a as phosphate PO4 - Ecoinvent report on agriculture
Phosphate Emission to watersurface water 0.0102704463225 kg P run-off to surface waters - Ecoinvent report on agriculture
Phosphorus Emission to waterriver 0.05264461995840408 kg P emissions through erosion by water to surface waters ecoinvent report on agriculture
Selenium IV Emission to airlow population density 0.0000012990067199999998 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Soil loss by erosion into water Emissions to water— 15119.422605460231 kg [kg ha-1 y-1] Average annual soil erosions to water in kg ha-1 y-1. Based on Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) (Teng. Viscarra etal 2016) forAER16_Brisbane_Moreton; QLD
TOC, Total Organic Carbon Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.16810675199999997 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Zinc (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.000021823312895999998 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
hydrogen ions Emissions to soilagricultural -2.9609126359999998 kg Acidity added due to entire crop system Crops addition, fertiliser addition, imported crop addition and addition from lime

Parameters

NameValueFormulaDescription
PestLCISoilII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance remaing on field soil. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
Fresremaining 0.5 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction remaining at the time of burning for the AER - source : National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
PestLCICropII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance remaing on plant leaf. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
EF_Oxides_of_nitrogen 2.21 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Duration 1.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) - [y] duration that one cycle of the crop uses the land, including fallow period.
PestLCIOFII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.16156377 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance deposited outside the field. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
Cd_in_Urea 0.5 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - mg/kg Cadmium content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008-09
NAAR_Cropimport — 0 kg H+ accounts and nitrogen irons imported with other biogenic material such as stubble or compost from outside the field
Burn_efficiency 0.96 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Default burning efficiency for residue from crop - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
Frac_OF_nat 0.4164 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of active substance deposited into natural land offsite. Default value calculated with PestLCI 2.0 {Dijkman, 2012 #973} and multiplied by % of land next to the field that is natural land for the region – based on Global Land Cover GIS layer {Latham, 2014 #3214}
NCag_residue 0.006 NCag_forage_crops_Resi N content of above-ground crop residues for forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
PestLCIAir_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.01 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance released to Air. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
Nb_Planting_clay10_20 1.0 — Number of times the field is processed with Planting, soil clay content 10-20%.
CC_crop 0.4 CC_forage_crops_Crop Carbon mass fraction in dry matter for forage_crops crop - set same as value for residue based on National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EFburn_N2O 0.0076 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Emission factor from crop residues burning for N2O - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
PestLCICrop_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance deposited on crop. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
RUSLE_K 0.026792 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [t ha hr ha-1 MJ-1 mm-1] Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). K= Soil erodibility factor (t ha hr ha-1 MJ-1 mm-1), (Teng, Viscarra etal 2016). Data derrived from GIS layer provided with the paper for the AER
PestLCIAirII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance released to air. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
PestLCISoil_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.82843623 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance deposited to agricultural soil on the field of application. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
FracN_GASF 0.1 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - kgN/kgN - IPCC default fraction of synthetic fertiliser N that volatilised as NH3- N and NOx-N - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
DM_forage_crops_Crop 0.88 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - Dry matter content of forage_crops crop - set same as value for residue based on National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EFN_leachS 0.0075 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - kgN2O-N/kgN - IPCC emission factor for N leaching and runoff from synthetic fertiliser - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
Cd_in_MAP 4.1 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - mg/kg Cadmium content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008-09
Nb_Cultivating 1.0 — (2,3,1,1,1,na) - Number of times the field is processed with Scarifying
PestLCICropII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance remaing on plant leaf. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
N_in_urea 0.46 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) nitrogen fraction in urea
NCbg_forage_crops_Resi 0.01 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - N content of below-ground crop residues for forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
PestLCIOFII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance deposited outside the field. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
AF_Urea100L 0.072 — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - Acid Factor in kMol/kg N in Urea. Based on Upjohn, Fenton & Conyers (2005)
CUrea 29.0 M_Urea*C_in_Urea [kgC] Total amount of Carbon applied with urea: mass of urea x carbon content in urea
EF_Lead 0.000434 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
fracSoil_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.82843623 (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCISoil_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCISoilII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 Default fraction of AlSubstance released in soil.
CC_residue 0.4 CC_forage_crops_Resi Carbon mass fraction in dry matter for forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
fracSoil_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.82843623 (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCISoil_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCISoilII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 Default fraction of AlSubstance released in soil.
EFburn_CO2 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Emission factor from crop residues burning for CO2 - As per the IPCC Guidelines (IPCC 2006) the CO2 emissions from burning of agricultural residues are not included in the inventory total since it is assumed that an equivalent amount of CO2 was removed by the growing crop, National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
Seed_input 80.0 — (3,3,2,2,2,na) - [kg/ha] of seed
fracGW_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 — Switch_PestSP*PestLCIGWII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance reaching ground water - data from PESTLCI.
EFC_lime 0.12 EFC_lime_nonirrc kgC
M_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.015 — (3,3,1,1,1,na) - applied month May with leaf interception of Stage I and drift reduction method None and application method Bare soil & crops <20cm (DE, Ganzelmeier&Rautmann).
Nb_Spraying 1.0 — (2,3,1,1,1,na) - Number of times the field is processed with Spraying, pre & post-emergence
fracGW_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — Switch_PestSP*PestLCIGWII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance reaching ground water - data from PESTLCI.
EFsoilCminN2ON 0.002 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - (Gg N2O-N/Gg N) Emission factor for N mineralisation due to SOC change in cropping. National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016), pg 298
AshAlkalinity 0.07 — (4,3,1,1,1,na)kmol/t - Baldock et al. 2009. Building a foundation for soil condition assessment. CSIRO Land and Water Science Report.
PestLCISoilII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance remaing on field soil. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
Frac_Min_till 0.1 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) - From GRDC farm survery
Surface 1.0 — [ha] of land use
RUSLE_R 1625.090127 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [MJ mm ha-1 hr-1 y-1] Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). R= Rainfail - runoff erosivity factor MJ mm ha-1 hr-1 y-1, (Teng, Viscarra etal 2016). Data derrived from GIS layer provided with the paper for the AER
NFERT 70.8 M_MAP*N_in_MAP+M_Urea*N_in_Urea Total amount of N applied: sum of (mass of nitrogen fertilizer x nitrogen content)
Total_area 1701.0 — Total area of cropping in the AER
fracCrop_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCICrop_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCICropII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance remaining on crop - data from PESTLCI.
EF_Copper 0.000187 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
M_tot_supply 366.3 M_MAP+M_Urea+M_lime+M_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0+M_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 [kg] products transported to the farm gate
Fremoved 0.312 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction of the crop removed in the AER - source : National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
NCbg_residue 0.01 NCbg_forage_crops_Resi N content of below-ground crop residues for forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
Soil_C_Loss_value 118.43 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) - [kgC/ha/a] Annual soil carbon change. This value was calculated using APSIM for the agroecological region for the current rotations of crops in this area. The results still contain significant uncertainty and should be used with extreme care. - Source: Zhongkui Liu (CSIRO, unpublished)”
Frac_OF_freshwater 0.0077 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of active substance deposited into surface water Default value calculated with PestLCI 2.0 {Dijkman, 2012 #973} and multiplied by % of land next to the field that is fresh waste for the region - source: based on Global Land Cover GIS layer {Latham, 2014 #3214}
AF_MAP 0.07511996 AF_MAP0L*(1-FracN_Leach*FracWET)+AF_MAP100L*(FracN_Leach*FracWET) [kmol+/kg N] Acid factor (kmol+/kg N) for MAP taking account of the fraction of N being leached.
Res_ab_forage_crops 0.37 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - below ground/above ground residue ratio for forage_crops - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
Supply_distance 200.0 — (4,3,1,3,1,na) - [km] average distance to supply farm inputs (fertilizers, pesticides, lime)
NAAR_Crop 0.252 AshAlkalinity*Yield/1000 [kg H+] Added due to plant removal
fracAir_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.01 (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCIAir_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCIAirII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance released in air - data from PESTLCI.
Fburnt 0.015 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction of residues burnt for the AER - source : National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
Replace2ndGlyphosate — iff(No_add_tillage>1;No_add_tillage-1;0) Additional tillage
AF_MAP0L 0.074 — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - Acid Factor in kMol/kg N in Mono Ammonium Phosphate. Based on Upjohn, Fenton & Conyers (2005)
RUSLE 15.119422605460231 RUSLE_R*RUSLE_K*RUSLE_LS*RUSLE_P*RUSLE_C [t ha-1 y-1] Average anual soil erosions to water in t ha-1 y-1. Based on Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) (Teng. Viscarra etal 2016) forAER17_Darling Downs; QLD
RUSLE_C 0.023796 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - []Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). C = COverf factor (Teng, Viscarra etal 2016). Data derrived from GIS layer provided with the paper for the AER
FracRainb600mm 0.262451672 0.262451672 percentage of cultivation area with rainfall <600mm = 0.3 - source: climate data source fromQueensland Government, 2016
N_in_MAP 0.1 — Nitrogen fraction in MAP fertiliser - FIFA Fertilizer Industry Federation of Australia Environment report 2010.
EF_TOC 5.5 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
PestLCIGWII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance released to groundwater Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
Hg_in_Urea 0.00085 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - mg/kg Mercury content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008-09
Switch_PestSP — — if = 1, switch to use PestLCI secondary partitioning
EFN_DS_nonirrc_b600mm 0.0005 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - kgN2O-N/kgN - N2O emission factor for direct emissions from synthetic fertilizers applied on non-irrigated crop with rainfall <600mm - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
fracAir_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.01 (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCIAir_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCIAirII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance released in air - data from PESTLCI.
EF_Nickel 0.000153 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
DLUC_value — — (2,2,1,1,1,na) - [tCO2eq/ha/year] Annual direct CO2 emissions from land use change. Source: Blonk 2016
PestLCIDegrII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance degradation. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
Frac_No_till 0.76 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) - From GRDC farm survery
M_Urea 145.0 — (3,1,1,1,3,na) - [kg] urea
M_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.285 — (3,3,1,1,1,na) - applied month October with leaf interception of Stage I and drift reduction method None and application method Bare soil & crops <20cm (DE, Ganzelmeier&Rautmann).
EF_N_Direct 0.006400386623999999 EFN_DS_nonirrc_b600mm*fracRainb600mm+(1-fracRainb600mm)*EFN_DS_nonirrc_a600mm kgN2O-N/kgN - N2O emission factor for direct emissions from synthetic fertilizers applied - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016) - value for Non-irrigated crop in AER17_Darling Downs where percentage of cultivation area with rainfall <600mm = 0.3 - source: climate data source from Queensland Government, 2016
PestLCIOF_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.16156377 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance deposited outside the field of application. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
DLUC_switch — — By default the switch is set to 0 to not include direct land use change. To include the value for direct land use change set the switch to 1. Direct land use change calculation approach is still uncertain
EFN_residues 0.01 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - kgN2O-N/kgN - IPCC emission factor for N emissions from residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
FracWet 0.0549 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction of area of AER where leaching occurs i.e. evapo-transpiration:rainfall ratio is <0.8 or >1. Climate data sourced from the Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia
DM_residue 0.88 DM_forage_crops_Resi Dry matter content of forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EF_Zinc 0.000714 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
PbFERT 128.55 M_MAP*Pb_in_MAP+ M_Urea*Pb_in_Urea [kgC] Total amount of Pb applied with MAP: mass of fertilizer x Pbcontent in fertilizer
Pb_in_MAP 3.1 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - mg/kg Lead content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008-09
M_lime 180.0 — (3,3,2,2,2,na) - [kg] limestone (adjusted to account for purity: 900 g/kg)
EF_Selenium 0.0000425 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Nb_Haybaling_round 1.0 — (2,3,1,1,1,na) - Number of times the field is processed with Hay baling, round bales.
PestDefaultSoil_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 1.0 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Default fraction of AlSubstance released in soil.
FracN_Leach 0.3 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - kgN/kgN - default fraction of N lost through leaching and runoff - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016
EF_Chromium_VI 0.000264 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
EF_Antimony 0.000391 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Frac_Multi_till 0.14 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) - From GRDC farm survery
AF_Urea 0.0011858399999999999 AF_Urea0L*(1-FracN_Leach*FracWET)+AF_Urea100L*(FracN_Leach*FracWET) [kmol+/kg N] Acid factor (kmol+/kg N) for Urea taking account of the fraction of N being leached.
Res_ab_crop 0.37 Res_ab_forage_crops below ground/above ground residue ratio for forage_crops - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
PestLCISoil_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.82843623 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance deposited to agricultural soil on the field of application. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
EFC_lime_nonirrc 0.12 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - kgC Emission factor for lime - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
CdFERT 240.6 M_MAP*Cd_in_MAP+ M_Urea*Cd_in_Urea [kgC] Total amount of Cd applied with MAP: mass of fertilizer x Cdcontent in fertilizer
RUSLE_P 1.0 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [] Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). P = Practice factor (Teng, Viscarra etal 2016). Data derrived from GIS layer provided with the paper for the AER
Yield 3600.0 — (2,2,1,1,1,na) - [kg/ha] yield
NAAR_Tot -2.9609126359999998 NAAR_Crop + NAAR_Cropimport+NAAR_Lime+NAAR_fert [kg H+] Added due to the system - Net addition (-ve = subtraction) of H+ in kg
PestLCIAir_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.01 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance released to Air. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
EF_Carbon_monoxide 59.0 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
AF_Lime -0.02 — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kg H+] added due to the system (-ve means removed). 50 kg lime removes 1 kMol H which is same as 1 kg Hydrogen ions. (Baldock Building a foundation for soil condition assessment J.A. Baldock et al 2009
DM_forage_crops_Resi 0.88 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - Dry matter content of forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EFburn_CH4 0.0035 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Emission factor from crop residues burning for CH4 - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
DM_crop 0.88 DM_forage_crops_Crop Dry matter content of forage_crops crop - set same as value for residue based on National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EFburn_NMVOC 0.0091 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Emission factor from crop residues burning for NMVOC - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
P_in_MAP 0.22 — Phosphorus fraction in Mono ammonium phosphate - FIFA Fertilizer Industry Federation of Australia Environment report 2010.
fracS_Pb 1.0 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of heavy metals from fertilizers released in soil
EF_Butadieneb 0.0492 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
PestLCIOF_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.16156377 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance deposited outside the field of application. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
fracS_Hg 1.0 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of heavy metals from fertilizers released in soil
PFERT 9.02 M_MAP*P_in_MAP Total amount of P applied: sum of (mass of phosphorus fertilizer x phosphorus content)
Replace1stGlyphosate 0.38 iff(No_add_tillage<1;No_add_tillage;1) Additional tillage
Frac_OF_agr 0.5759 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of active substance deposited into agricultural land offsite Default value calculated with PestLCI 2.0 {Dijkman, 2012 #973} and multiplied by % of land next to the field that is agricultural land for the region - based on Global Land Cover GIS layer {Latham, 2014 #3214}
Soil_C_Change_Switch — — By default the switch is set to 0 to not soil carbon change. To include the value for soil carbon change set the switch to 1. The results still contain significant uncertainty and should be used with extreme care.
Pb_in_Urea 0.01 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - mg/kg Lead content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008-09
EFburn_NOx 0.21 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Emission factor from crop residues burning for NOx - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
CC_forage_crops_Resi 0.4 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - Carbon mass fraction in dry matter for forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
PestLCIGWII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance released to groundwater Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
EF_Arsenic 0.0000255 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
HgFERT 0.53325 M_MAP*Hg_in_MAP+ M_Urea*Hg_in_Urea [kgC] Total amount of Hg applied with MAP: mass of fertilizer x Hgcontent in fertilizer
C_in_urea 0.2 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - C content in urea
NAAR_Lime -3.6 m_lime*AF_Lime kg H+ Added due to lime addition
Hg_in_MAP 0.01 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - mg/kg Mercury content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008-09
Res_crop 1.34 Res_forage_crops residue/crop ratio for forage_crops - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EF_Particulate_matter 8.5 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
EFN_DS_nonirrc_a600mm 0.0085 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - kgN2O-N/kgN - N2O emission factor for direct emissions from synthetic fertilizers applied on non-irrigated crop with rainfall >600mm - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
OTHERDATA 1.0 — OTHER DATA
EFburn_CO 0.078 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Emission factor from crop residues burning for CO - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
M_MAP 41.0 — (3,1,1,1,3,na) - [kg] monoammonium phosphate
AF_MAP100L 0.142 — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - Acid Factor in kMol/kg N in Mono Ammonium Phosphate. Based on Upjohn, Fenton & Conyers (2005)
PestLCICrop_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance deposited on crop. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
CC_forage_crops_Crop 0.4 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - Carbon mass fraction in dry matter for forage_crops crop - set same as value for residue based on National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
AF_Urea0L — — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - Acid Factor in kMol/kg N in Urea. Based on Upjohn, Fenton & Conyers (2005)
fracOffField_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.16156377 (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCIOF_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCIOFII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance released Off Field - data from PESTLCI.
No_add_tillage 0.38 Frac_No_till*0+Frac_Min_till*1+Frac_Multi_till*2 Additional tillage
NCag_forage_crops_Resi 0.006 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - N content of above-ground crop residues for forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
PestLCIDegrII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance degradation. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
NAAR_FERT 0.387087364 M_MAP*AF_MAP*N_In_MAP+M_Urea*AF_Urea*N_in_Urea Total amount of H+ applied with fertilizers: sum of (mass of nitrogen fertilizer x Acid Factor per Fertiliser)
Switch_PestLCI 1.0 — if = 1, switch to use PestLCI values
fracOffField_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.16156377 (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCIOF_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCIOFII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance released Off Field - data from PESTLCI.
fracCrop_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 — (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCICrop_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCICropII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance remaining on crop - data from PESTLCI.
Res_forage_crops 1.34 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - residue/crop ratio for forage_crops - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EF_Cobalt 0.0000935 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
PestDefaultSoil_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 1.0 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Default fraction of AlSubstance released in soil.
EF_Manganese 0.00107 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
RUSLE_LS 14.593137 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [] Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). L = Slope length factor and S is slope steepness factor. (Teng, Viscarra etal 2016). Data derrived from GIS layer provided with the paper for the AER
EF_Cadmium 0.000527 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
P_in_soil 0.000936 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [kgP/tsoil] P content in soil in the AER of Cropping - source: Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia
EF_Mercury 0.000111 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
fracS_Cd 1.0 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of heavy metals from fertilizers released in soil
PestLCIAirII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance released to air. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.