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Cereal hay and silage, dryland, Central and SW Slopes and Plains, NSW_Vic, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U

Unit process Australia v00.00.000

Included processes: The inventory includes the processes for growing cereal hay and silage without irrigation on arable land in the agro-ecological region AER 07, Central and South West Slopes and Plains, in New South Wales and VictoriaInputs of fertilisers, pesticides as well as the transports to the farm are considered. All tractor operations, fuel supply and machine infrastructure is included. The direct emissions on the field are also included. The system boundary ends at the field gate with all further processes such as transport, storage, packaging are excluded. Inventory refers to the production of a crop on 1 ha over 1 year from the end of the previous crop to the point of harvesting of the next crop. Remark: This inventory has been developed with support from the Australian Commonwealth Government through the National Landcare Programme Innovation Grant and the Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC). The inventory was developed by CSIRO, the Department of Primary Industries NSW and Lifecycles. More detail on inventory development can be found in the Methodology for Developing Life Cycle Inventory' documents located at http://auslci.com.au/index.php/AusAgLCI. ; Geography: Refers to an average production in the agro-ecological region AER 07, Central and South West Slopes and Plains, in New South Wales and Victoria, AustraliaTechnology: AverageTime period: Data collected for 2011-2016. Record: Data entry by: Bharat Sharma; Tel: +61(0)3 8669 2048; email: brett@lifecycles.com.au; company: Life Cycle Strategies; Country: AU Generator: Data entry by: Aaron Simmons Tel: ; email: aaron.simmons@dpi.nsw.gov.au; company: NSW Department of Primary Industries ; Country: AU

Sector
Material
Contributor
—
Last updated
07 Oct 2017
Reference ID
86938042-895e-35e5-88d8-f61ad25da9c3

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Documentation

Quantitative reference
Cereal hay and silage, dryland, Central and SW Slopes and Plains, NSW_Vic, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U
Sampling procedure
Sampling procedure: Face-to-face interviews with regional experts
Creation date
07 Oct 2017
Is copyright protected
No
Is infrastructure process
No
Tags
material
Sources
—

Product outputs

Flow AmountUnitComment
Cereal hay and silage, dryland, Central and SW Slopes and Plains, NSW_Vic, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U 4240.0 kg —

Technical inputs

Flow AmountUnitComment
Cultivating, broadacre crop, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.27 ha Surface x number of times ha is processed
Cultivating, broadacre crop, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 1.0 ha Surface x number of times ha is processed
Hay baling, round bales, broadacre crop, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 1.0 ha Surface x number of times ha is processed
Limestone, crushed, for mill {RoW}| market for limestone, crushed, for mill | Cut-off, U 180.0 kg Mass limestone
Monoammonium phosphate {AU}| market for monoammonium phosphate | AusLCI, U 41.0 kg Mass monoammonium phosphate
Pesticide, unspecified {GLO}| market for pesticide, unspecified | Cut-off, U 0.015 kg Mass chlorsulfuron
Pesticide, unspecified {GLO}| market for pesticide, unspecified | Cut-off, U 0.285 kg Mass MCPA
Planting, broadacre crop, soil clay content 10 to 20%, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 1.0 ha Surface x number of times ha is processed
Spraying, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 1.0 ha Surface x number of times ha is processed
Transport, truck, 28t, fleet average {AU}| | AusLCI, U 76060.0 kg*km total mass of ingredients supplied to farm x average supply distance
Urea {AU}| market for urea | AusLCI, U 159.0 kg Mass urea

Elementary flow inputs

Flow Sub-compartment AmountUnitComment
Carbon dioxide, in air in air 13047.0912 kg Atmospheric CO2 absorbed by the plant - Yield x (Drymatter content of crop x Carbon content of crop + Plant residue x Dry matter content of residue x Carbon content of residue) x Carbon to Carbon dioxide conversion factor
Occupation, annual crop, non-irrigated land 1.0 ha*a Actual land used for the cropping
Occupation, annual crop, non-irrigated, fallow land 0.0 ha*a Crop fallow as a part of crop rotation allocated across all crops in the rotation

Elementary flow outputs

Flow CompartmentSub-compartment AmountUnitComment
2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid Emission to waterground water 0.0 kg Mass of active ingredient MCPA applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to freshwater - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid Emissions to soilforestry 0.01917341884098 kg Mass of active ingredient MCPA applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to natural land - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid Emission to waterriver 0.000354551693265 kg Mass of active ingredient MCPA applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to freshwater - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
Ammonia Emission to airlow population density 9.376936 kg Direct emissions from fertilizers, Ammonia emissions - Nitrogen applied x fraction of nitrogen volatilized x conversion factor
Antimony, ion Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00019790627180544 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Arsenic, ion Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.000012906930769919998 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Butadiene Emission to airlow population density 0.024902784073727997 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Cadmium (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00026674323591167995 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Cadmium (II) Emissions to soilagricultural 247.6 kg Mass of Cadmium contained in fertilizer x Fraction released in soil
Carbon dioxide Emission to airlow population density 0.0 kg Annual soil carbon change. By default the switch is set to 0 to not soil carbon change. To include the value for soil carbon change set the switch to 1. The results still contain significant uncertainty and should be used with extreme care. This value was calculated using APSIM for the agroecological region for the current rotations of crops in this area.
Carbon dioxide, fossil Emission to airlow population density 79.19999999999999 kg Emissions from lime application - Carbon applied with lime and dolomite x Emission factor x Conversion factor
Carbon dioxide, from soil or biomass stock Emission to airlow population density 0.0 kg By default land-use change is not included in the inventory due to high uncertainties in the calculation. However a value from the land-use change calculator developed by Blonk consultants has been included and can be switched on by changing the value of DLUC_switch to 1 calculated average LUC emissions if included
Carbon dioxide, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 116.60000000000001 kg Emissions from urea application, reported as biogenic due to the ecoinvent background process used. Carbon applied with urea x Conversion factor
Carbon dioxide, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 5723.621261107201 kg Emissions from burning residues - Residue which is not removed, and not burnt is assumed to degrade to biogenic carbon dioxide.
Carbon dioxide, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 0.0 kg Emissions from burning residues - Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x Fry matter content x Burning efficiency x Carbon content x CO2 emission factor x Conversion factor
Carbon monoxide Emission to airlow population density 29.863094722559996 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Carbon monoxide, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 36.84275795961446 kg Emissions from burning residues - Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x Fry matter content x Burning efficiency x Carbon content x CO emission factor x Conversion factor
Chlorsulfuron Emissions to soilforestry 0.00100912730742 kg Mass of active ingredient chlorsulfuron applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to natural land - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
Chlorsulfuron Emissions to watergroundwater 0.0 kg Mass of active ingredient chlorsulfuron applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to freshwater - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
Chlorsulfuron Emissions to waterriver 0.000018660615435 kg Mass of active ingredient chlorsulfuron applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to freshwater - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
Chlorsulfuron Emission to airunspecified 0.00015 kg Mass of active ingredient chlorsulfuron applied x fraction released in air - Primary partitioning from PESTLCI
Chlorsulfuron Emission to soilagricultural 0.013822212077144999 kg Mass of active ingredient chlorsulfuron applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to other agricultural land and fraction reaching soil - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
Chromium (VI) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00013362469502975998 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Cobalt II Emission to airlow population density 0.00004732541282303999 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Copper, ion Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00009465082564607998 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.09197620063454096 kg Fertilizers leaching, Nitrous oxide emissions - Nitrogen applied x fraction of nitrogen available for leaching x fraction of nitrogen leaching x emission factor x conversion factor
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.18617405526043876 kg Direct emissions from fertilizers, Nitrous oxide emissions - Nitrogen applied x Emission factor x Conversion factor
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.03626956007950628 kg Emissions from burning residues - Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x Fry matter content x Burning efficiency x Nitrogen content above ground x N2O emission factor x Conversion factor
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.01861740552604388 kg Indirect emissions from fertilizers, Nitrous oxide emissions - Nitrogen applied x Fraction of nitrogen volatilized x Emission factor x Conversion factor
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.5645245818009601 kg Emissions from residues - (Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Dry matter content x Nitrogen content x (1-Fraction of residues burnt - Fraction of residues removed) + (Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Residue ratio above/below ground x Dry matter content x Nitrogen content below ground)) x Emission factor x Conversion factor
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airlow population density 0.0 kg Emissions from Mineralisation of N is loss of soil organic matter
Lead (II) Emissions to soilagricultural 128.69 kg Mass of Lead contained in fertilizer x Fraction released in soil
Lead (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00021967090016255996 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
MCPA Emission to soilagricultural 0.26262202946575497 kg Mass of active ingredient MCPA applied x fraction released off field and redeposited to other agricultural land and fraction reaching soil - Primary partitioning from PestLCI
MCPA Emission to airunspecified 0.0028499999999999997 kg Mass of active ingredient MCPA applied x fraction released in air - Primary partitioning from PESTLCI
Manganese (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.0005415849381888 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Mercury (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00005618311041024 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Mercury (II) Emissions to soilagricultural 0.54515 kg Mass of Mercury contained in fertilizer x Fraction released in soil
Methane, non-fossil Emission to airlow population density 0.9445848706990079 kg Emissions from burning residues - Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x Fry matter content x Burning efficiency x Carbon content x CH4 emission factor x Conversion factor
NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compounds Emissions to airlow. pop. 2.150082081526579 kg Emissions from burning residues - Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x Fry matter content x Burning efficiency x Carbon content x NMVOC emission factor x Conversion factor
Nickel (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00007744158461952 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Nitrate Emission to waterriver 34.31422645158533 kg Fertilizers leaching, Nitrous oxide emissions - Nitrogen applied x fraction of nitrogen available for leaching x fraction of nitrogen leaching from NIR x (1-nitrogen reemitted to air) x conversion factor
Nitrogen oxides Emission to airlow population density 2.095660387550822 kg Emissions from burning residues - Yield x Quantity of plant residue x Fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x Fry matter content x Burning efficiency x Nitrogen content above ground x NOx emission factor x Conversion factor
Nitrogen oxides Emission to airlow population density 1.1186006667264 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Nitrogen, atmospheric Emissions to airlow. pop. 24.56 kg Amount calcualted from APSIM runs for full rotation in AER.
Particulates, < 10 um Emission to airlow population density 4.302310256639999 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Phosphate Emission to waterground water 0.0721595745486 kg Phosphorus leaching to ground water 0.07kg P per ha.a as phosphate PO4 - Ecoinvent report on agriculture
Phosphate Emission to watersurface water 0.06302189679017732 kg P run-off to surface waters - Ecoinvent report on agriculture
Phosphorus Emission to waterriver 0.008898565674784661 kg P emissions through erosion by water to surface waters ecoinvent report on agriculture
Selenium IV Emission to airlow population density 0.0000215115512832 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Soil loss by erosion into water Emissions to water— 7360.269375338841 kg [kg ha-1 y-1] Average annual soil erosions to water in kg ha-1 y-1. Based on Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) (Teng. Viscarra etal 2016) forAER16_Brisbane_Moreton; QLD
TOC, Total Organic Carbon Emissions to airlow. pop. 2.78384781312 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Zinc (II) Emissions to airlow. pop. 0.00036139406155776 kg emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
hydrogen ions Emissions to soilagricultural -2.433813190864088 kg Acidity added due to entire crop system Crops addition, fertiliser addition, imported crop addition and addition from lime

Parameters

NameValueFormulaDescription
Switch_PestLCI 1.0 — if = 1, switch to use PestLCI values
Total_area 125624.0 — Total area of cropping in the AER
HgFERT 0.54515 M_MAP*Hg_in_MAP+ M_Urea*Hg_in_Urea [kgC] Total amount of Hg applied with MAP: mass of fertilizer x Hgcontent in fertilizer
Soil_C_Change_Switch — — By default the switch is set to 0 to not soil carbon change. To include the value for soil carbon change set the switch to 1. The results still contain significant uncertainty and should be used with extreme care.
DM_crop 0.88 DM_forage_crops_Crop Dry matter content of forage_crops crop - set same as value for residue based on National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EF_N_Direct 0.0015342661680000005 EFN_DS_nonirrc_b600mm*fracRainb600mm+(1-fracRainb600mm)*EFN_DS_nonirrc_a600mm kgN2O-N/kgN - N2O emission factor for direct emissions from synthetic fertilizers applied - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016) - value for Non-irrigated crop in AER07_Central and South West Slopes and Plains where percentage of cultivation area with rainfall <600mm = 0.3 - source: climate data source from Queensland Government, 2016
PestLCICrop_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance deposited on crop. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
fracS_Cd 1.0 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of heavy metals from fertilizers released in soil
fracOffField_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.16156377 (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCIOF_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCIOFII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance released Off Field - data from PESTLCI.
Switch_PestSP — — if = 1, switch to use PestLCI secondary partitioning
RUSLE_R 1447.657462 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [MJ mm ha-1 hr-1 y-1] Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). R= Rainfail - runoff erosivity factor MJ mm ha-1 hr-1 y-1, (Teng, Viscarra etal 2016). Data derrived from GIS layer provided with the paper for the AER
Cd_in_MAP 4.1 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - mg/kg Cadmium content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008-09
EFC_lime_nonirrc 0.12 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - kgC Emission factor for lime - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EF_Arsenic 0.0000255 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
EF_Cadmium 0.000527 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
EF_Mercury 0.000111 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
EF_Oxides_of_nitrogen 2.21 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
N_in_urea 0.46 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) nitrogen fraction in urea
NCag_residue 0.006 NCag_forage_crops_Resi N content of above-ground crop residues for forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EF_Lead 0.000434 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Replace1stGlyphosate 0.27 iff(No_add_tillage<1;No_add_tillage;1) Additional tillage
FracWet 0.336879433 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction of area of AER where leaching occurs i.e. evapo-transpiration:rainfall ratio is <0.8 or >1. Climate data sourced from the Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia
M_MAP 41.0 — (3,1,1,1,3,na) - [kg] monoammonium phosphate
EFN_DS_nonirrc_a600mm 0.0085 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - kgN2O-N/kgN - N2O emission factor for direct emissions from synthetic fertilizers applied on non-irrigated crop with rainfall >600mm - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EFburn_CO2 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Emission factor from crop residues burning for CO2 - As per the IPCC Guidelines (IPCC 2006) the CO2 emissions from burning of agricultural residues are not included in the inventory total since it is assumed that an equivalent amount of CO2 was removed by the growing crop, National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
PestLCICrop_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance deposited on crop. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
Replace2ndGlyphosate — iff(No_add_tillage>1;No_add_tillage-1;0) Additional tillage
FracN_Leach 0.3 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - kgN/kgN - default fraction of N lost through leaching and runoff - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016
NCag_forage_crops_Resi 0.006 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - N content of above-ground crop residues for forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EFN_residues 0.01 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - kgN2O-N/kgN - IPCC emission factor for N emissions from residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
Nb_Cultivating 1.0 — (2,3,1,1,1,na) - Number of times the field is processed with Scarifying
Surface 1.0 — [ha] of land use
PestDefaultSoil_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 1.0 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Default fraction of AlSubstance released in soil.
EFburn_CH4 0.0035 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Emission factor from crop residues burning for CH4 - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
Soil_C_Loss_value -52.57 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) - [kgC/ha/a] Annual soil carbon change. This value was calculated using APSIM for the agroecological region for the current rotations of crops in this area. The results still contain significant uncertainty and should be used with extreme care. - Source: Zhongkui Liu (CSIRO, unpublished)”
NCbg_residue 0.01 NCbg_forage_crops_Resi N content of below-ground crop residues for forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
PestLCIGWII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance released to groundwater Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
Res_ab_forage_crops 0.37 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - below ground/above ground residue ratio for forage_crops - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
N_in_MAP 0.1 — Nitrogen fraction in MAP fertiliser - FIFA Fertilizer Industry Federation of Australia Environment report 2010.
Frac_OF_nat 0.4164 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of active substance deposited into natural land offsite. Default value calculated with PestLCI 2.0 {Dijkman, 2012 #973} and multiplied by % of land next to the field that is natural land for the region – based on Global Land Cover GIS layer {Latham, 2014 #3214}
CC_residue 0.4 CC_forage_crops_Resi Carbon mass fraction in dry matter for forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EF_Copper 0.000187 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
Nb_Spraying 1.0 — (2,3,1,1,1,na) - Number of times the field is processed with Spraying, pre & post-emergence
EF_TOC 5.5 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
fracCrop_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 — (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCICrop_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCICropII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance remaining on crop - data from PESTLCI.
NAAR_Crop 0.30240000000000006 AshAlkalinity*Yield/1000 [kg H+] Added due to plant removal
CdFERT 247.6 M_MAP*Cd_in_MAP+ M_Urea*Cd_in_Urea [kgC] Total amount of Cd applied with MAP: mass of fertilizer x Cdcontent in fertilizer
DLUC_switch — — By default the switch is set to 0 to not include direct land use change. To include the value for direct land use change set the switch to 1. Direct land use change calculation approach is still uncertain
PestDefaultSoil_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 1.0 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Default fraction of AlSubstance released in soil.
Nb_Planting_clay10_20 1.0 — Number of times the field is processed with Planting, soil clay content 10-20%.
Nb_Haybaling_round 1.0 — (2,3,1,1,1,na) - Number of times the field is processed with Hay baling, round bales.
EFburn_NMVOC 0.0091 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Emission factor from crop residues burning for NMVOC - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
AF_Urea0L — — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - Acid Factor in kMol/kg N in Urea. Based on Upjohn, Fenton & Conyers (2005)
Yield 4320.0 — (2,2,1,1,1,na) - [kg/ha] yield
NAAR_Lime -3.6 m_lime*AF_Lime kg H+ Added due to lime addition
EFN_leachS 0.0075 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - kgN2O-N/kgN - IPCC emission factor for N leaching and runoff from synthetic fertiliser - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EFN_DS_nonirrc_b600mm 0.0005 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - kgN2O-N/kgN - N2O emission factor for direct emissions from synthetic fertilizers applied on non-irrigated crop with rainfall <600mm - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EF_Butadieneb 0.0492 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
EF_Particulate_matter 8.5 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
PestLCIGWII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance released to groundwater Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
EF_Chromium_VI 0.000264 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
fracAir_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.01 (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCIAir_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCIAirII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance released in air - data from PESTLCI.
EF_Zinc 0.000714 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
RUSLE_LS 11.919227 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [] Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). L = Slope length factor and S is slope steepness factor. (Teng, Viscarra etal 2016). Data derrived from GIS layer provided with the paper for the AER
RUSLE 7.3602693753388415 RUSLE_R*RUSLE_K*RUSLE_LS*RUSLE_P*RUSLE_C [t ha-1 y-1] Average anual soil erosions to water in t ha-1 y-1. Based on Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) (Teng. Viscarra etal 2016) forAER07_Central and South West Slopes and Plains; NSW
Frac_OF_agr 0.5759 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of active substance deposited into agricultural land offsite Default value calculated with PestLCI 2.0 {Dijkman, 2012 #973} and multiplied by % of land next to the field that is agricultural land for the region - based on Global Land Cover GIS layer {Latham, 2014 #3214}
DLUC_value — — (2,2,1,1,1,na) - [tCO2eq/ha/year] Annual direct CO2 emissions from land use change. Source: Blonk 2016
fracS_Hg 1.0 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of heavy metals from fertilizers released in soil
NCbg_forage_crops_Resi 0.01 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - N content of below-ground crop residues for forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
C_in_urea 0.2 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - C content in urea
PestLCISoilII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.81546188 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance remaing on field soil. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
PestLCISoil_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.82843623 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance deposited to agricultural soil on the field of application. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
NAAR_Tot -2.433813190864088 NAAR_Crop + NAAR_Cropimport+NAAR_Lime+NAAR_fert [kg H+] Added due to the system - Net addition (-ve = subtraction) of H+ in kg
Cd_in_Urea 0.5 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - mg/kg Cadmium content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008-09
CC_crop 0.4 CC_forage_crops_Crop Carbon mass fraction in dry matter for forage_crops crop - set same as value for residue based on National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
fracOffField_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.16156377 (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCIOF_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCIOFII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance released Off Field - data from PESTLCI.
M_tot_supply 380.3 M_MAP+M_Urea+M_lime+M_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0+M_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 [kg] products transported to the farm gate
CUrea 31.8 M_Urea*C_in_Urea [kgC] Total amount of Carbon applied with urea: mass of urea x carbon content in urea
EFburn_CO 0.078 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Emission factor from crop residues burning for CO - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
fracAir_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.01 (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCIAir_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCIAirII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance released in air - data from PESTLCI.
PestLCICropII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance remaing on plant leaf. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
PestLCIDegrII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance degradation. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
FracRainb600mm 0.870716729 0.870716729 percentage of cultivation area with rainfall <600mm = 0.3 - source: climate data source fromQueensland Government, 2016
AF_Urea 0.0072765957528 AF_Urea0L*(1-FracN_Leach*FracWET)+AF_Urea100L*(FracN_Leach*FracWET) [kmol+/kg N] Acid factor (kmol+/kg N) for Urea taking account of the fraction of N being leached.
AshAlkalinity 0.07 — (4,3,1,1,1,na)kmol/t - Baldock et al. 2009. Building a foundation for soil condition assessment. CSIRO Land and Water Science Report.
PestLCIAir_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.01 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance released to Air. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
P_in_soil 0.000325 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [kgP/tsoil] P content in soil in the AER of Cropping - source: Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia
fracSoil_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.82843623 (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCISoil_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCISoilII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 Default fraction of AlSubstance released in soil.
PestLCIOFII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.16156377 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance deposited outside the field. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
EF_Selenium 0.0000425 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
M_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.015 — (3,3,1,1,1,na) - applied month May with leaf interception of Stage I and drift reduction method None and application method Bare soil & crops <20cm (DE, Ganzelmeier&Rautmann).
fracGW_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — Switch_PestSP*PestLCIGWII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance reaching ground water - data from PESTLCI.
Res_forage_crops 1.34 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - residue/crop ratio for forage_crops - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
Frac_OF_freshwater 0.0077 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of active substance deposited into surface water Default value calculated with PestLCI 2.0 {Dijkman, 2012 #973} and multiplied by % of land next to the field that is fresh waste for the region - source: based on Global Land Cover GIS layer {Latham, 2014 #3214}
PestLCIAir_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.01 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance released to Air. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
M_lime 180.0 — (3,3,2,2,2,na) - [kg] limestone (adjusted to account for purity: 900 g/kg)
PFERT 9.02 M_MAP*P_in_MAP Total amount of P applied: sum of (mass of phosphorus fertilizer x phosphorus content)
Frac_Multi_till 0.07 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) - From GRDC farm survery
NAAR_Cropimport — 0 kg H+ accounts and nitrogen irons imported with other biogenic material such as stubble or compost from outside the field
CC_forage_crops_Crop 0.4 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - Carbon mass fraction in dry matter for forage_crops crop - set same as value for residue based on National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
Pb_in_MAP 3.1 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - mg/kg Lead content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008-09
No_add_tillage 0.27 Frac_No_till*0+Frac_Min_till*1+Frac_Multi_till*2 Additional tillage
Frac_Min_till 0.13 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) - From GRDC farm survery
fracSoil_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.82843623 (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCISoil_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCISoilII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 Default fraction of AlSubstance released in soil.
NAAR_FERT 0.863786809135912 M_MAP*AF_MAP*N_In_MAP+M_Urea*AF_Urea*N_in_Urea Total amount of H+ applied with fertilizers: sum of (mass of nitrogen fertilizer x Acid Factor per Fertiliser)
P_in_MAP 0.22 — Phosphorus fraction in Mono ammonium phosphate - FIFA Fertilizer Industry Federation of Australia Environment report 2010.
fracCrop_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — (1-Switch_PestSP)*PestLCICrop_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0+Switch_PestSP*PestLCICropII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance remaining on crop - data from PESTLCI.
EFsoilCminN2ON 0.002 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - (Gg N2O-N/Gg N) Emission factor for N mineralisation due to SOC change in cropping. National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016), pg 298
DM_forage_crops_Resi 0.88 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - Dry matter content of forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EFburn_N2O 0.0076 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Emission factor from crop residues burning for N2O - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
Duration 1.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) - [y] duration that one cycle of the crop uses the land, including fallow period.
FracN_GASF 0.1 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - kgN/kgN - IPCC default fraction of synthetic fertiliser N that volatilised as NH3- N and NOx-N - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
Fremoved 0.234 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction of the crop removed in the AER - source : National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
PestLCIOF_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.16156377 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance deposited outside the field of application. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
OTHERDATA 1.0 — OTHER DATA
PestLCIAirII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.01 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance released to air. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
Res_crop 1.34 Res_forage_crops residue/crop ratio for forage_crops - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EF_Antimony 0.000391 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
NFERT 77.24 M_MAP*N_in_MAP+M_Urea*N_in_Urea Total amount of N applied: sum of (mass of nitrogen fertilizer x nitrogen content)
EF_Carbon_monoxide 59.0 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
DM_forage_crops_Crop 0.88 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - Dry matter content of forage_crops crop - set same as value for residue based on National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
AF_Lime -0.02 — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kg H+] added due to the system (-ve means removed). 50 kg lime removes 1 kMol H which is same as 1 kg Hydrogen ions. (Baldock Building a foundation for soil condition assessment J.A. Baldock et al 2009
PestLCISoilII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance remaing on field soil. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
PestLCIDegrII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.01297436 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance degradation. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
EF_Cobalt 0.0000935 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
PestLCIAirII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance released to air. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
Seed_input 80.0 — (3,3,2,2,2,na) - [kg/ha] of seed
Hg_in_Urea 0.00085 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - mg/kg Mercury content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008-09
Frac_No_till 0.8 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) - From GRDC farm survery
PestLCICropII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 — — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance remaing on plant leaf. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
EFC_lime 0.12 EFC_lime_nonirrc kgC
fracS_Pb 1.0 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of heavy metals from fertilizers released in soil
RUSLE_P 1.0 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [] Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). P = Practice factor (Teng, Viscarra etal 2016). Data derrived from GIS layer provided with the paper for the AER
M_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.285 — (3,3,1,1,1,na) - applied month October with leaf interception of Stage I and drift reduction method None and application method Bare soil & crops <20cm (DE, Ganzelmeier&Rautmann).
RUSLE_K 0.026799 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [t ha hr ha-1 MJ-1 mm-1] Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). K= Soil erodibility factor (t ha hr ha-1 MJ-1 mm-1), (Teng, Viscarra etal 2016). Data derrived from GIS layer provided with the paper for the AER
AF_MAP 0.08087234043319999 AF_MAP0L*(1-FracN_Leach*FracWET)+AF_MAP100L*(FracN_Leach*FracWET) [kmol+/kg N] Acid factor (kmol+/kg N) for MAP taking account of the fraction of N being leached.
PbFERT 128.69 M_MAP*Pb_in_MAP+ M_Urea*Pb_in_Urea [kgC] Total amount of Pb applied with MAP: mass of fertilizer x Pbcontent in fertilizer
AF_Urea100L 0.072 — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - Acid Factor in kMol/kg N in Urea. Based on Upjohn, Fenton & Conyers (2005)
CC_forage_crops_Resi 0.4 — (2,3,3,1,1,na) - Carbon mass fraction in dry matter for forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
AF_MAP0L 0.074 — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - Acid Factor in kMol/kg N in Mono Ammonium Phosphate. Based on Upjohn, Fenton & Conyers (2005)
Supply_distance 200.0 — (4,3,1,3,1,na) - [km] average distance to supply farm inputs (fertilizers, pesticides, lime)
M_Urea 159.0 — (3,1,1,1,3,na) - [kg] urea
Fburnt 0.207 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction of residues burnt for the AER - source : National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
Fresremaining 0.5 — (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction remaining at the time of burning for the AER - source : National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
fracGW_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 — Switch_PestSP*PestLCIGWII_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 Fraction of AlSubstance reaching ground water - data from PESTLCI.
Pb_in_Urea 0.01 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - mg/kg Lead content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008-09
RUSLE_C 0.015917 — (1,3,3,1,1,na) - []Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). C = COverf factor (Teng, Viscarra etal 2016). Data derrived from GIS layer provided with the paper for the AER
PestLCIOF_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.16156377 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance deposited outside the field of application. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
EF_Nickel 0.000153 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
AF_MAP100L 0.142 — (2,2,2,2,1,na) - Acid Factor in kMol/kg N in Mono Ammonium Phosphate. Based on Upjohn, Fenton & Conyers (2005)
Burn_efficiency 0.96 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Default burning efficiency for residue from crop - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
EFburn_NOx 0.21 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Emission factor from crop residues burning for NOx - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
Res_ab_crop 0.37 Res_ab_forage_crops below ground/above ground residue ratio for forage_crops - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
PestLCIOFII_AI_1176_I000_M10_A03_DR0 0.16156377 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Partitioning fraction accouting both primary and secondary processes for AlSubstance deposited outside the field. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
EF_Manganese 0.00107 — (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999)
DM_residue 0.88 DM_forage_crops_Resi Dry matter content of forage_crops residues - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016)
PestLCISoil_AI_0501_I000_M05_A03_DR0 0.82843623 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of AlSubstance deposited to agricultural soil on the field of application. Calculated using consensus model based on PEST LCI.
Hg_in_MAP 0.01 — (2,3,2,3,1,na) - mg/kg Mercury content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008-09