Barley grain, dryland, Riverina {AU-VIC}| barley grain production | AusLCI, U
Unit process v00.00.000
This dataset represents the production of 1 kg of barley. The yield is 2627 t/ha. Documentation for this dataset can be found in the 'LCAgMetrics Methodology for developing Life Cycle Inventory' report, available at https://agrifutures.com.au/. (Hume, I., Renouf, M.A., Eady, S.J., Grant, T., 2025). It was developed as part of the LCAgMetrics project, a partnership between Agrifutures Australia and Lifecycles, funded by the Australian Government’s Sustainability Reporting Uplift Grant as part of the National Agriculture Traceability Grants Program. Production Volume: 684592 t/yr. Activities included: This activity starts after the harvest of the previous crop. Activities included are: the inputs of seeds, mineral fertilisers, pesticides and irrigation water, all machine operations and corresponding machine infrastructure and sheds. It is assumed that no organic fertilisers are applied. Machine operations are: soil cultivation, sowing, fertilisation, irrigation, weed control, pest and pathogen control, combine-harvest, and drying of grains. Direct field emissions are included. This activity ends after harvest and drying of grains at the farm gate. Energy values: 18.4MJ/kg (gross). Nutritional values: Protein: 12%. Carbohydrate: 61%. Fat: 2%. Geography: South Riverina and Wimmera, VIC, AU. Technology level: Represents current practices as per gross margins reports (AgMargins 2024 & SA Gross Margin Guide 2022). Time period: 2017-2021. Record: Data entry by: Isobel Hume; Tel: +61(0)3 9417 1190; E-mail: office@lifecycles.com.au; Company: Life Cycle Strategies; Country: AU Generator: Data entry by: Isobel Hume; Tel: +61(0)3 9417 1190; E-mail: office@lifecycles.com.au; Company: Life Cycle Strategies; Country: AU
- Sector
- Material
- Contributor
- —
- Last updated
- 30 May 2025
- Reference ID
8df8da05-beb2-3f61-b4c1-4aca12738004
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Documentation
- Quantitative reference
- Barley grain, dryland, Riverina {AU-VIC}| barley grain production | AusLCI, U
- Sampling procedure
- Secondray data compiled from publicly available resources. Validated by expert knowledge to represent typical representative practices and inputs.
- Creation date
- 30 May 2025
- Is copyright protected
- No
- Is infrastructure process
- No
- Tags
- material
- Sources
-
Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia/2014/CSIRO
Soil loss by water erosion in Australia/2016/ Teng, H. et.al.
NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025)/2024/Commonwealth of Australia
AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government
Environment Australia, 1999
Farm Business Planning Tools/2025/Tasmanian Government
Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT
Land Management and Farming in Australia, 2016-17/2018/ABS
Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator/2016/GRDC
SILO climate data/2024/Queensland Government
TraNSIT-Supply Chain Transport and Logistics Dashboard/2025/Australian Gov
Product outputs
| Flow | Amount | Unit | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Barley grain, dryland, Riverina {AU-VIC}| barley grain production | AusLCI, U | 2570.0 | kg | Carbon content, fossil: 0.0 kg C/kg dry mass. Carbon content, non-fossil: 0.4 kg C/kg dry mass. Dry mass: 0.88 kg/kg wet mass. Wet mass: 1 kg/kg wet mass. Heating value, gross: 18.4 MJ/kg |
| Barley straw, dryland, Riverina , biogenic C not balanced {AU-VIC}| barley grain production | AusLCI, U | 228.28400000000002 | kg | Carbon content, fossil: 0.0 kg C/kg dry mass. Carbon content, non-fossil: 0.4 kg C/kg dry mass. Dry mass: 0.91 kg/kg wet mass. Wet mass: 1 kg/kg wet mass. Heating value, gross: 18.2 MJ/kg |
Technical inputs
| Flow | Amount | Unit | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon correction factor {AU}| | AusLCI, U | -71.27832188235278 | kg | (2,3,3,1,1,na) - 1.05 Uncertainty. Carbon correction factor in kgCO2eq. Calculated to ensure the carbon balance is maintained after allocation. Source: Land Management and Farming in Australia, 2016-17/2018/ABS |
| Cultivating, broadacre crop, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.0 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic cultivation. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Cultivating, broadacre crop, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.0 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for cultivating. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Fertilizing, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.08 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic fertilization. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Fertilizing, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 1.92 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs forfertilizing. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Glyphosate {RoW}| glyphosate production | Cut-off, U | 0.648 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Mass of glyphosate applied to barley field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Grain collection, broadacre, in-field with tractor and bin, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.04 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic grain collection. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Grain collection, broadacre, in-field with tractor and bin, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.96 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for grain collection. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Harvesting, broadacre crop, combine less than 200kW, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.04 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic harvesting. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Harvesting, broadacre crop, combine less than 200kW, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.96 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for harvesting. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Hay baling, large square bales, broadacre crop, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.02 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic hay baling into square bales. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Hay baling, large square bales, broadacre crop, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.48 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for hay bailing into square bales. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Hay baling, round bales, broadacre crop, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.02 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic hay bailing. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Hay baling, round bales, broadacre crop, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.48 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for hay bailing into round bales. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Limestone, milled, loose {RoW}| market for limestone, milled, loose | Cut-off, U | 40.232049777777775 | kg | (3,1,1,1,3,na) - 1.24 Uncertainty. Mass of lime applied to barley field. Source: Baldock 2012 |
| Liming, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.01 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic lime application. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Liming, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.24 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for liming. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Monoammonium phosphate {AU}| market for monoammonium phosphate | AusLCI, U | 41.4 | kg | (3,1,1,1,3,na) - 1.24 Uncertainty. Mass of MAP applied to barley field. Source: Baldock 2012 |
| Pesticide, unspecified {RoW}| pesticide production, unspecified | Cut-off, U | 0.008 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Mass of carfentrazone-ethyl applied to barley field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Pesticide, unspecified {RoW}| pesticide production, unspecified | Cut-off, U | 0.08 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Mass of Azoxystrobin applied to barley field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Pesticide, unspecified {RoW}| pesticide production, unspecified | Cut-off, U | 0.025 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Mass of Florasulam applied to barley field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Pesticide, unspecified {RoW}| pesticide production, unspecified | Cut-off, U | 0.285 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Mass of MCPA570 applied to barley field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Planting, broadacre crop, soil clay content greater than 20%, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.04 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic planting. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Planting, broadacre crop, soil clay content greater than 20%, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.96 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for planting. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Prosulfocarb {RoW}| prosulfocarb production | Cut-off, U | 2.0 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Mass of Prosulfocarb applied to barley field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Pumping, irrigation, 70m total pumping head, 100% diesel {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.0 | ML | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Energy used in irrigation.Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Soil nitrogen, Riverina {AU-VIC}| market for soil nitrogen | AusLCI, U | 11.46 | kg | (3,1,1,1,3,na) - 1.24 Uncertainty. Mass of UAN applied to barley field. Source: Baldock 2012 |
| Spraying, aerial, broadacre crop {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 1.0 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Spraying, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, controlled traffic {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 0.2 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for contolled traffic spraying of crop protection chemicals. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Spraying, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 4.8 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Operational inputs for spraying of crop protection chemicals. Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Transport, truck, 3,5 to 16t, fleet average {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 35.13560995555556 | t*km | (3,1,1,1,3,na) - 1.24 Uncertainty. Total transport of inputs to region. |
| Travel spray boom irrigation system, production, per ha {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 1.0 | ha | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - 1.09 Uncertainty. Irrigation infrastructure.Calculated as: number of times each ha is processed over a year * number of ha. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Urea ammonium nitrate {AU}| market for urea ammonium nitrate | AusLCI, U | 0.0 | kg | (3,1,1,1,3,na) - 1.24 Uncertainty. Mass of UAN applied to barley field. Source: Baldock 2012 |
| Urea {AU}| market for urea | AusLCI, U | 91.0 | kg | (3,1,1,1,3,na) - 1.24 Uncertainty. Mass of urea applied to barley field. Source: Baldock 2012 |
Elementary flow inputs
| Flow | Sub-compartment | Amount | Unit | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon dioxide, in air | in air | 7669.628266666667 | kg | Atmospheric CO2 absorbed by the plant. Calculated. |
| Occupation, annual crop, non-irrigated | land | 1.0 | ha*a | Actual land used for the cropping |
| Occupation, annual crop, non-irrigated, fallow | land | 0.16999999999999993 | ha*a | Crop fallow as a part of crop rotation allocated across all crops in the rotation |
| Transformation, from annual crop, non-irrigated | land | 1.0 | m2 | No net land transformation assumed. Any net land transformations due to direct land use change (dLUC) to be added when more clarity regarding LUC estimation method, and consistent with carbon fluxes from dLUC |
| Transformation, to annual crop, non-irrigated | land | 1.0 | m2 | No net land transformation assumed. Any net land transformations due to direct land use change (dLUC) to be added when more clarity regarding LUC estimation method, and consistent with carbon fluxes from dLUC |
Elementary flow outputs
| Flow | Compartment | Sub-compartment | Amount | Unit | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammonia | Emission to air | low population density | 6.14284 | kg | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - 1.4 Uncertainty.Direct emissions from fertilizers. Ammonia emissions. Total mass of N applied * fraction of nitrogen volatilized * conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Antimony, ion | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 0.00011310906055679998 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Arsenic, ion | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 0.000007376677862399998 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Azoxystrobin | Emissions to soil | forestry | 0.005328 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Azoxystrobin applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Azoxystrobin | Emission to soil | agricultural | 0.073768 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Azoxystrobin applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Azoxystrobin | Emission to air | low population density | 0.0008 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Azoxystrobin applied to field that is lost as emissions to air. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to air. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Azoxystrobin | Emissions to water | river | 0.0000984 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Azoxystrobin applied to field that is lost as emissions to fresh water. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to water. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Butadiene | Emission to air | low population density | 0.014232649052159997 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Cadmium (II) | Emissions to soil | agricultural | 0.00021523999999999998 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 2 Uncertainty. Mass of metal cadmium contained in fertilizer x fraction released in soil. Source: |
| Cadmium (II) | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 0.00015245134248959995 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Carbon dioxide | Emission to air | low population density | 0.0 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Annual soil carbon change. By default the switch is set to 0 to not soil carbon change. To include the value for soil carbon change set the switch to 1. The results still contain significant uncertainty and should be used with extreme care. This value was calculated using APSIM for the agroecological region for the current rotations of crops in this area. Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Carbon dioxide, fossil | Emission to air | low population density | 15.931891711999997 | kg | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - 1.08 Uncertainty.Direct emissions caused by the application of lime to soil to counteract acidification. (M lin applied to neautralise NAAR * lime EF form NIR 22) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Carbon dioxide, fossil | Emission to air | low population density | 66.73333333333333 | kg | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - 1.4 Uncertainty.Emissions from urea application. Reported as biogenic due to the ecoinvent background process used. Carbon applied with urea x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Carbon dioxide, from soil or biomass stock | Emission to air | low population density | 0.0 | kg | This flow intentionally set to zero. Carbon fluxes from direct land use change (dLUC) to be added when more clarity regarding LUC estimation method Source: |
| Carbon dioxide, non-fossil | Emission to air | low population density | 0.0 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x carbon content x CH4 emission factor x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Carbon dioxide, non-fossil | Emission to air | low population density | 3609.18830272 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues - Residue which is not removed, and not burnt is assumed to degrade to biogenic carbon dioxide. Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Carbon monoxide | Emission to air | low population density | 17.067607603199995 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Carbon monoxide, non-fossil | Emission to air | low population density | 21.774525051202563 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x carbon content x CO emission factor x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Carfentrazone ethyl ester | Emission to air | low population density | 0.00008 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of carfentrazone-ethyl applied to field that is lost as emissions to air. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to air. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Carfentrazone-ethyl | Emission to soil | agricultural | 0.007376799999999999 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of carfentrazone-ethyl applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Carfentrazone-ethyl | Emissions to water | river | 0.00000984 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of carfentrazone-ethyl applied to field that is lost as emissions to fresh water. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to water. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Carfentrazone-ethyl | Emissions to soil | forestry | 0.0005328 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of carfentrazone-ethyl applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Chromium (VI) | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 0.00007637031198719998 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Cobalt II | Emission to air | low population density | 0.000027047818828799992 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Copper, ion | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 0.000054095637657599984 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Dinitrogen monoxide | Emission to air | low population density | 0.010187771616000001 | kg | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - 1.4 Uncertainty.Fertilizers leaching. Nitrous oxide emissions. Total mass of N applied * fraction of nitrogen available for leaching * fraction of nitrogen leaching * emission factor * conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Dinitrogen monoxide | Emission to air | low population density | 0.0 | kg | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - 1.4 Uncertainty.Nitrous oxide production from mineralisation due to loss of soil carbon, NIR 2022 Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Dinitrogen monoxide | Emission to air | low population density | 0.25564097499999994 | kg | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - 1.4 Uncertainty.Direct emissions from fertilizers. Nitrous oxide emissions. Total mass of N applied * emission factor * conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Dinitrogen monoxide | Emission to air | low population density | 0.024183932129279995 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x nitrogen content above ground x N2O emission factor x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Dinitrogen monoxide | Emission to air | low population density | 0.028120507249999996 | kg | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - 1.4 Uncertainty.Indirect emissions from fertilizers. Nitrous oxide emissions. Total mass of N applied * fraction of nitrogen volatilized * emission factor * conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Dinitrogen monoxide | Emission to air | low population density | 0.18575200357119998 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from residues above ground nitrogen yield x quantity of plant residue x dry matter content x carbon content x nitrogen content x (1-fraction of residues burnt - fraction of residues removed) x emission factor x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Florasulam | Emissions to water | river | 0.00003075 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Florasulam applied to field that is lost as emissions to fresh water. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to water. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Florasulam | Emissions to soil | forestry | 0.0016650000000000002 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Florasulam applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Florasulam | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 0.00025 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Florasulam applied to field that is lost as emissions to air. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to air. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Florasulam | Emission to soil | agricultural | 0.0230525 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Florasulam applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Glyphosate | Emission to soil | agricultural | 0.5975208 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of glyphosate applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Glyphosate | Emissions to water | river | 0.00079704 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of glyphosate applied to field that is lost as emissions to fresh water. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to water. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Glyphosate | Emissions to soil | forestry | 0.0431568 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of glyphosate applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Glyphosate | Emission to air | low population density | 0.0064800000000000005 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of glyphosate applied to field that is lost as emissions to air. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to air. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Lead (II) | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 0.00012554816440319997 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Lead (II) | Emissions to soil | agricultural | 0.00012925 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 2 Uncertainty. Mass of metal lead contained in fertilizer x fraction released in soil. Source: |
| MCPA dimethylamine salt | Emissions to soil | forestry | 0.018981 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of MCPA570 applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| MCPA dimethylamine salt | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 0.0028499999999999997 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of MCPA570 applied to field that is lost as emissions to air. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to air. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| MCPA dimethylamine salt | Emissions to water | river | 0.00035055 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of MCPA570 applied to field that is lost as emissions to fresh water. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to water. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| MCPA dimethylamine salt | Emission to soil | agricultural | 0.26279849999999993 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of MCPA570 applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Manganese (II) | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 0.00030953118873599996 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Mercury (II) | Emissions to soil | agricultural | 0.00000049135 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 2 Uncertainty. Mass of metal mercury contained in fertilizer x fraction released in soil. Source: |
| Mercury (II) | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 0.00003211024481279999 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Methane, non-fossil | Emission to air | low population density | 0.0 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Methane emission from water storage for irrigation Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Methane, non-fossil | Emission to air | low population density | 0.5398571069337599 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x carbon content x CH4 emission factor x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compounds | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 1.2288330336522237 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x carbon content x NMVOC emission factor x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Nickel (II) | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 0.00004426006717439999 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Nitrate | Emission to water | river | 2.5823333396160004 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) Fertilizers leaching. Nitrous oxide emissions. Calculated as: Total mass of N applied x fraction of N available for leaching x fraction of N leaching from NIR x (1-N reemitted to air) x conversion factor.NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Nitrogen oxides | Emission to air | low population density | 0.6393120814079998 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Nitrogen oxides | Emission to air | low population density | 1.3973510698076157 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x nitrogen content above ground x NOx emission factor x conversion factor Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Particulates, < 10 um | Emission to air | low population density | 2.4588926207999995 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Phosphate | Emission to water | surface water | 0.011506256184149997 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) 1.51 Uncertainty. Phosphorus run-off to surface waters. 2.3 is used to convert P quantity to P2O5. Nemecek 2007 ecoinvent methodology. |
| Phosphate | Emission to water | ground water | 0.0133827876 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) 1.51 Uncertainty. Phosphorus leaching to ground water 0.07kg P per ha.a as phosphate PO4. Ecoinvent report on agriculture. |
| Phosphorus | Emission to water | river | 0.0121481657792352 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) 1.51 Uncertainty. Phosphorus emissions through erosion by water to surface waters. ecoinvent report on agriculture. |
| Prosulfocarb | Emissions to soil | agricultural | 1.8441999999999998 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Prosulfocarb applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Prosulfocarb | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 0.02 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Prosulfocarb applied to field that is lost as emissions to air. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to air. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Prosulfocarb | Emissions to soil | forestry | 0.1332 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Prosulfocarb applied to field that is lost as emissions to agricultural soil. Calculated as: mass applied to field * (fraction lost to agricultural soil where crop is being grown + fraction lost to other agricultural lands (off-field)). Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Prosulfocarb | Emissions to water | river | 0.00246 | kg | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -1.09 Uncertainty. Fraction of Prosulfocarb applied to field that is lost as emissions to fresh water. Calculated as: mass applied to field * fraction lost as emissions to water. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Selenium IV | Emission to air | low population density | 0.000012294463103999999 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Soil loss by erosion into water | Emissions to water | — | 10149.60672 | kg | (1,3,3,1,1,na) - 1.05 Uncertainty. [kg ha-1 y-1] Average annual soil erosions to water. Based on revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE)2016/Teng, H. et.al. |
| TOC, Total Organic Carbon | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 1.5910481663999996 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Zinc (II) | Emissions to air | low. pop. | 0.00020654698014719997 | kg | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - 1.5 Uncertainty.Emissions from burning residues = yield x quantity of plant residue x fraction of residues remaining at time of burning x dry matter content x burning efficiency x fraction burnt* emission factor from NPI workbook/1000. (pg 13 Environment Australia, Aggregated Emmissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires.1999) Source: NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| hydrogen ions | Emissions to soil | agricultural | 0.00000000000000011102230246251565 | kg | (4,3,1,1,1,na) - 1.22 Uncertainty. Acidity added due to the entire crop system. Crops addition, fertiliser addition, imported crop addition and addition from lime. Calculated as: sum of all acidity sources Source: |
Parameters
| Name | Value | Formula | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Surface | 1.0 | — | [ha] - |
| EF_Manganese | 0.00107 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| M_Urea_SOC | -4.2687747035573125 | Iff(Soil_C_loss<0;(soil_C_Loss/11)/0.46;0) | When soil carbon increases there is a demand for additional nitrogen which is assumed to be supplied by urea. |
| AF_MAP0L | 0.036 | — | (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kmolH+/kg N] Acid factor of MAP with 0% leaching - Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator PIRSA, 2016 |
| NLegume_frac | 0.9 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) - fractional of N supplied via legume N from rotation with legume crops. |
| AF_UAN100L | 0.036 | — | (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kmolH+/kg N] Acid factor of UAN with 100 % leaching - Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator PIRSA, 2016 |
| Nb_Harvesting_200kW | 1.0 | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number harvesting events, <200kW combine - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion |
| FracOF_FW | 0.00123 | — | (3,2,4,2,4,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of crop protection AI deposited to fresh water - Calculated using consensus model based on Pest LCI |
| DM_crop | 0.88 | — | (2,3,3,1,1,na) - [kg dry weight/kg crop] Dry matter content of barley crop - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Biogenic_CO2sent_out_with_grain | 3574.997210481861 | (Carbon_Grain+Carbon_Straw)*All_Grain/100 | [kgCO2eq] Biogenic carbon exported in barley - Calculated |
| Lime_CO2 | 15.931891711999997 | M_lime*EFC_lime*lime_purity*(44/12) | [kg CO2eq] Direct emissions from lime applied to soil - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025), volume 1, equation 3G_1 |
| Hg_in_MAP | 0.01 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg ] Mercury content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008 |
| AF_MAP100L | 0.072 | — | (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kmolH+/kg N] Acid factor of urea with 0 % leaching - Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator PIRSA, 2016 |
| N_in_UAN | 0.32 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Nitrogen fraction in UAN - |
| EFN_mineral | 0.0041 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN2O-N/kgN] emission factor for N emissions from mineralisations - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| EFburn_NOx | 0.21 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [Gg element in species/Gg element in fuel burnt] Emission factor from crop residues burning for NOx - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Nb_Aerial | 1.0 | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number aerial spraying events - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion |
| Dam_EF | 201.0 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) -[kg] Emission factor for methane emitted from dams (151 kg CH4/ha/year) multipled by the elemental to molecular conversion for methane (1.333) - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025) |
| All_Straw_En | 8.328889984925961 | (straw_DM*ed_straw)/(ed_Straw*straw_DM+grain_DM*ED_crop)*100 | [%] Allocation to straw based on energy content - Calculated |
| Nb_Liming | 0.25 | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number of liming events - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion |
| Cd_in_UAN | 0.175 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg ] Cadmium content (only accounting for Cd content in Urea, which is 35% of UAN) - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008 |
| Cd_in_Urea | 0.5 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg ] Cadmium content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008 |
| Fremoved | 0.07 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction of the crop removed in the AER - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| M_legumeN | 11.46 | 11.46 | [kg] Based on legume fraction in agroecological region 00.195 times total N fertiliser 58.8942449572088 |
| Carbon_Grain | 3317.013333333333 | Grain_DM*CC_crop*44/12 | [kgCO2] Biogenic carbon absorbed by grain - Calculated |
| Pb_in_MAP | 3.1 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg] Lead content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008 |
| M_Urea_tot | 91.0 | Iff(Inc_LegumeN=0;M_urea+M_legumeN/0.46;M_urea)+(M_urea_SOC*Soil_C_Change_switch) | [kg] Total urea applied to field -Swith to inlcude or exclude legume N and also Switch to inlcude soil carbon increase and urea requirements for this. |
| Grain_DM | 2261.6 | m_grain*DM_Crop | [kg] Total dry mass of grain - Calculated |
| MCPA570_appl | 0.285 | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -[kg] Mass of MCPA570 applied to field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Nb_Planting_clay20 | 1.0 | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number of planting operations (soil clay content >20%) - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion |
| OTHERDATA | 1.0 | — | OTHER DATA - - |
| CN_soil_ratio | 10.0 | — | (3,2,4,2,4,na) Soil Carbon:Nitrogen ration - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025) |
| RUSLE | 10.14960672 | RUSLE_R*RUSLE_K*RUSLE_LS*RUSLE_P*RUSLE_C | [t/ha/y] Average anual soil erosions to water. ) - Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) derrived from GIS layer provided in Teng, Viscarra etal 2016 |
| RUSLE_P | 1.0 | — | (1,3,3,1,1,na) - P = Practice factor - Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) derrived from GIS layer provided in Teng, Viscarra et al 2019 |
| PROS_appl | 2.0 | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -[kg] Mass of Prosulfocarb applied to field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| M_UAN | — | — | (3,1,1,1,3,na) - [kg] Quantity of urea and ammonium nitrate (UAN) applied, calculated using the Generic Yield and N Calculator - Baldock 2012 |
| EF_Particulate_matter | 8.5 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| EF_Antimony | 0.000391 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| m_straw | 228.28400000000002 | yield*Res_crop*fremoved | [kg] Total wet mass of straw - Calculated |
| EFN_residues | 0.005 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN2O-N/kgN] IPCC emission factor for N emissions from residues - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| EFN_DS_nonirrc_b600mm | 0.0029 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN2O-N/kgN] N2O emission factor for direct emissions from synthetic fertilizers applied on non-irrigated crop with rainfall <600mm - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Inc_LegumeN | 1.0 | — | Set to 1 to account for legume N supply in the region. Included by default. Set to 0 to exclude the benefits of legume N in the region |
| EF_Nickel | 0.000153 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| EF_Cadmium | 0.000527 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| N_Mineralised | -1.9636363636363638 | Soil_C_loss*soil_NC_frac | [Kg N] The amount of N released from SOC mineralisation - Calculated |
| Yield | 2630.0 | — | (1,2,1,1,1,na) -[kg/ha] yield, calculated from five year average ('18 - '22) - Australian Bureau of Statistics 2017-2022 |
| Res_ab_crop | 0.32 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kg/kg] Below ground/above ground residue ratio for barley crop - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| FracSoil | 0.83 | — | (3,2,4,2,4,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of crop protection AI deposited on agricultural soil on the field of application - Calculated using consensus model based on Pest LCI |
| AZOX_appl | 0.08 | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -[kg] Mass of Azoxystrobin applied to field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Carbon_burning | — | Yield*Res_crop*Fresremaining*DM_residue*Fburnt*CC_residue*Burn_efficiency*EFBurn_CO2*44/12 | [kgCO2] Carbon emission from residue burnt - Calculated |
| P_in_soil | 0.000275 | — | (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [kgP/tsoil] P content in soil in the AER of cropping - Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia |
| Straw_DM | 207.73844000000003 | m_straw*DM_residue | [kg] Total dry mass of straw - Calculated |
| EF_Carbon_monoxide | 59.0 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| EF_Arsenic | 0.0000255 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| EFC_lime | 0.12 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) -[kgC /kg] Emission factor for lime - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025) |
| Allocation | 1.0 | — | Allocation switch, 1 = Economic alocation (default for AusLCI), 2 = Energy allocation, 3 = Mass allocation, - |
| AF_Urea100L | 0.036 | — | (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kmolH+/kg N] Acid factor of urea with 100 % leaching - Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator PIRSA, 2016 |
| Pb_in_UAN | 0.0035 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg] Lead content (only accounting for Cd content in Urea, which is 35% of UAN) - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008 |
| Hg_in_Urea | 0.00085 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg ] Mercury content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008 |
| RUSLE_R | 1440.0 | — | (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [MJ mm ha-1 hr-1 y-1] R= Rainfail - runoff erosivity factor. - Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) derrived from GIS layer provided in Teng, Viscarra et al 2016 |
| No_add_tillage | 0.3204 | Frac_No_till*0+Frac_Min_till*1+Frac_Multi_till*2 | Additional tillage - Switch |
| P_in_MAP | 0.22 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Phosphorus fraction in MAP - IFA Fertilizer Industry Federation of Australia Environment report 2010 |
| Frac_Min_till | 0.124 | — | (3,2,3,2,1,na) - % of area under no till practices - Australian Bureau of Statistics 2018 |
| Fresremaining | 0.5 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction remaining at the time of burning for the AER - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Nb_collection | 1.0 | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number grain collection events, in field, tractor + bin - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion |
| EFburn_CO | 0.078 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [Gg element in species/Gg element in fuel burnt] Emission factor from crop residues burning for CO - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| AF_Lime | -0.02 | — | (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kmolH+] Acid factor of lime - Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator PIRSA, 2016 |
| EF_Butadieneb | 0.0492 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| Carbon_deg_before_burn | 457.02456800000004 | Yield*Res_crop*Fburnt*(1-Fresremaining)*DM_residue*CC_residue*44/12 | [kgCO2] Carbon emission from residue set to be burnt by degraded before burn - Calculated |
| EF_N_Direct | 0.0035375 | EFN_DS_nonirrc_b600mm*fracRainb600mm+(1-fracRainb600mm)*EFN_DS_nonirrc_a600mm | [kgN2O-N/kgN] N2O emission factor for direct emissions from synthetic fertilizers applied to non-irrigated crop, where percentage of cultivation area with rainfall <600mm = ##FRAC <600mm## - National Inventory Report 2014, Vol 1 (2016) climate data source from Queensland Government, 2023 |
| NCag_residue | 0.007 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN/kgDM] Nitrogen content of above-ground barley crop residue - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Nb_Cultivating | — | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number of cultivations - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion |
| EFburn_NMVOC | 0.0091 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [Gg element in species/Gg element in fuel burnt] Emission factor from crop residues burning for NMVOC - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| EFburn_CH4 | 0.0035 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [Gg element in species/Gg element in fuel burnt] Emission factor from crop residues burning for CH4 - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Dam_area | — | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) -[ha] Surface area of farm dams for irrigation - ABARES land use classification, ausdams.org |
| P_crop | 340.0 | — | (1,1,1,2,1,na) -[AUD] Australian dollars per tonne - CSIRO, 2025 |
| AF_Urea0L | — | — | (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kmolH+/kg N] Acid factor of MAP with 100% leaching - Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator PIRSA, 2016 |
| Total_area | 261000.0 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) - [ha] Total area - Australian Bureau of Statistics 2017-2022 |
| AshAlkalinity_Crop | 0.18 | — | (4,3,1,1,1,na) - [kmol/t] Alkalinity of barley removed - Baldock et al. 2009. Building a foundation for soil condition assessment. CSIRO Land and Water Science Report. |
| CC_residue | 0.4 | — | (2,3,3,1,1,na) - [KgC/kgDM] Carbon mass fraction in dry matter for barley straw - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Lime_purity | 0.9 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) - fractional purity of limestone NIR 2023 (DCCEEW 2025). |
| M_MAP | 41.4 | — | (3,1,1,1,3,na) - [kg] Quantity of monoammonium phosphate (MAP) applied - Baldock 2012 |
| ED_Straw | 18.2 | — | (1,1,3,3,2,na) -[MJ/kg DM ] energy density of barley straw - Feedipedia |
| EF_Zinc | 0.000714 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| Carbon_Absorb_Residue | 4352.614933333333 | (Yield*Res_crop*DM_residue*CC_residue)*44/12 | [kgCO2] Carbon dioxide absorbtion in residue production - Calculated |
| Methane_in_burn | 1.4849782886399998 | Yield*Res_crop*Fresremaining*DM_crop*Burn_efficiency*Fburnt*CC_residue*EFburn_CH4*44/12 | [kgCO2] Methane as CO2 for balance purposes - Calculated |
| Replace2ndGlyphosate | — | iff(No_add_tillage>1;No_add_tillage-1;0) | Additional tillage - Switch |
| GLYP_appl | 0.648 | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -[kg] Mass of glyphosate applied to field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Soil_C_loss | -21.6 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) - [kgC/ha/a] Annual soil carbon change. This value was calculated using APSIM for the agroecological region for the current rotations of crops in this area. The results still contain significant uncertainty and should be used with extreme care - Zhongkui Liu (CSIRO, unpublished) |
| Seed_input | 60.0 | — | (3,3,2,3,2,na) - [kg/ha] of seed - |
| NAAR_FERT | 0.170263296 | M_MAP*AF_MAP*N_In_MAP+M_Urea_Tot*AF_Urea*N_in_Urea+M_UAN*AF_UAN*N_in_UAN | [kmolH+] Total mass of H+ applied through fertilizers. Calculated as: sum of (mass of nitrogen fertilizer x Acid factor per fertiliser) - Calculated |
| FLOR_appl | 0.025 | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -[kg] Mass of Florasulam applied to field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| C_in_urea | 0.2 | — | (2,3,3,1,1,na) - C content in urea - |
| CUrea | 18.2 | (M_Urea_Tot+(M_UAN*Urea_in_UAN))*C_in_Urea | [kgC] Total mass of carbon applied through urea. Calculated as: mass of urea x carbon content in urea - Calculated |
| Carbon_balance | 404.1648051302407 | Carbon_Absorb_Crop+Carbon_Absorb_Residue-Carbon_burning-Carbon_not_burnt_in_burn_deg-Carbon_deg_before_burn-Carbon_Residue_remaining-Carbon_Grain-Carbon_Straw-Carbon_monoxide_in_burn-Methane_in_burn | [kgCO2] Balance check of all biogenic carbons - Calculated |
| EF_Mercury | 0.000111 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| NFERT | 46.0 | M_MAP*N_in_MAP+M_Urea_Tot*N_in_Urea+M_UAN*N_in_UAN | [kg N] Total mass of N applied. Calculated as: sum of (mass of nitrogen fertilizer x nitrogen content) - Calculated |
| P_Straw | 50.0 | — | (4,1,1,2,1,na) -[AUD] Australian dollars per tonne - |
| EF_Oxides_of_nitrogen | 2.21 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| Urea_in_UAN | 0.326 | — | Fraction of urea ammonium nitrate which is urea. Used to account for Fossil CO2 embbedded in urea. |
| fracS_Cd | 1.0 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of heavy metals from fertilizers released in soil - |
| N_in_urea | 0.46 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Nitrogen fraction in urea - |
| FracWet | 0.0534 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction of area of AER where leaching occurs i.e. evapo-transpiration:rainfall ratio is <0.8 or >1. Climate data sourced from the Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia - Climate data sourced from the Soil and Landscape Grid of Australia |
| CC_crop | 0.4 | — | (2,3,3,1,1,na) - [KgC/kgDM] Carbon mass fraction in dry matter for barley crop - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| EF_Selenium | 0.0000425 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| fracS_Hg | 1.0 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of heavy metals from fertilizers released in soil - |
| Replace1stGlyphosate | 0.3204 | iff(No_add_tillage<1;No_add_tillage;1) | Additional tillage - Switch |
| EF_Copper | 0.000187 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| Burn_efficiency | 0.96 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Default burning efficiency for residue from crop - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| FracOF_AgSoil | 0.0921 | — | (3,2,4,2,4,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of crop protection AI deposited on agricultural soil outside the field of application - Calculated using consensus model based on Pest LCI |
| All_Mass | 91.58728359649234 | (grain_DM/(straw_DM+grain_DM))*100 | [%] Mass allocation fraction for grain - Calculated |
| M_Urea | 91.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,3,na) - [kg] Quantity of urea applied. This is the base amount of urea applied without accounting for N mineralisation that may occur with SOC change. - Baldock 2012 |
| fracS_Pb | 1.0 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Fraction of heavy metals from fertilizers released in soil - |
| Frac_No_till | 0.777 | — | (3,2,3,2,1,na) - % of area under low till practices - Australian Bureau of Statistics 2018 |
| Hg_in_UAN | 0.000297 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg ] Mercury content (only accounting for Cd content in Urea, which is 35% of UAN) - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008 |
| EF_Lead | 0.000434 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| EFN_leachS | 0.011 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN2O-N/kgN] IPCC emission factor for N leaching and runoff from synthetic fertiliser - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| All_Grain | 98.71057197229777 | iff(Allocation=2; All_EN; iff(Allocation =3; All_Mass;All_Eco)) | Allocation to wheat - Switch |
| Duration | 1.17 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) - [y] duration that one cycle of the crop uses the land, including fallow period. - |
| Carbon_Absorb_Crop | 3317.013333333333 | (((Yield-seed_input)*DM_crop*CC_crop))*44/12 | [kgCO2] Carbon dioxide absorbtion in grain net grain production (excluding seed input) - Calculated |
| ED_crop | 18.4 | — | (1,1,3,3,2,na) -[MJ/kg DM ] Energy density of barley crop - Feedipedia |
| Supply_distance | 200.0 | — | (4,3,1,3,1,na) - [km] average distance to supply farm inputs (fertilizers, pesticides, lime) - |
| FracN_GASF | 0.11 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN/kgN] IPCC default fraction of synthetic fertiliser N that volatilised as NH3- N and NOx-N - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| FracN_Leach | 0.24 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN/kgN] Default fraction of N lost through leaching and runoff - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| FracOF_NatSoil | 0.0666 | — | (3,2,4,2,4,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of crop protection AI deposited to natural soils - Calculated using consensus model based on Pest LCI |
| AF_Urea | 0.000461376 | AF_Urea0L*(1-FracN_Leach*FracWET)+AF_Urea100L*(FracN_Leach*FracWET) | [kmolH+/kgN] Acid factor of urea taking account of the fraction of N being leached - Calculated |
| Carbon_Straw | 304.6830453333334 | Straw_DM*CC_residue*44/12 | [kgCO2] Biogenic carbon absorbed by straw - Calculated |
| CARF_appl | 0.008 | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) -[kg] Mass of carfentrazone-ethyl applied to field. Source: AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT |
| Carbon_monoxide_in_burn | 33.09380186111999 | Yield*Res_crop*Fresremaining*DM_crop*Burn_efficiency*Fburnt*CC_residue*EFburn_CO*44/12 | [kgCO2] Carbon monoxide as CO2 for balance purposes - Calculated |
| All_Eco | 98.71057197229777 | (m_grain*P_crop)/(P_Straw*m_straw+m_grain*P_crop)*100 | [%] Economic allocation fraction for grain - default for AusLCI - Calculated |
| PbFERT | 0.00012925 | (M_MAP*Pb_in_MAP+ M_Urea_Tot*Pb_in_Urea+M_UAN*Pb_in_UAN)*1e-6 | [kgPb] Total amount of Pb applied: mass of fertilizer x Pbcontent in fertilizer - Calculated |
| Nb_Haybaling_round | 1.0 | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number of hay baling operations - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion |
| NCbg_residue | 0.01 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN/kgDM] Nitrogen content of below-ground barley crop residues - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| AF_MAP | 0.036461376 | AF_MAP0L*(1-FracN_Leach*FracWET)+AF_MAP100L*(FracN_Leach*FracWET) | [kmolH+/kgN] Acid factor of MAP, taking account of the fraction of N being leached - Calculated |
| DM_residue | 0.91 | — | (2,3,3,1,1,na) - [kg dry weight/kg residue] Dry matter content of barley residues - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| All_En | 91.67111001507404 | (grain_DM*ED_crop/(straw_DM*ED_straw+grain_DM*ED_crop))*100 | [%] Allocation to grain based on energy content - Calculated |
| DLUC_value | — | — | (2,2,1,1,1,na) - [tCO2eq/ha/year] Annual direct CO2 emissions from land use change - Blonk 2016 |
| soil_NC_frac | 0.09090909090909091 | 1/(10+1) | fraction of N to C in soil, based on a CN ratio of 1:10 - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| NAAR_Crop | 0.5539136 | (AshAlkalinity_crop*m_grain+AshAlkalinity_straw*m_straw)/1000 | [kgH+] Acidity added due to plant removal - Calculated |
| Biogenic_carbon_Allocation_adjust_grain | -261.3538469019602 | (Carbon_Grain-Biogenic_CO2sent_out_with_grain)/(All_Grain/100) | [kgCO2] kg carbon correction factor for the determining product (barley) - Calculated |
| Nb_Spraying | 5.0 | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number spraying applications (pre & post-emergence) - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion |
| EFburn_N2O | 0.0076 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [Gg element in species/Gg element in fuel burnt] Emission factor from crop residues burning for N2O - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| All_Straw | 1.2894280277022219 | iff(Allocation=2; All_straw_EN; iff(Allocation =3; All_straw_Mass;All_straw_Eco)) | Allocation to straw - Switch |
| EF_Cobalt | 0.0000935 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| All_Straw_Mass | 8.412716403507654 | (straw_DM)/(straw_DM+grain_DM)*100 | [%] Mass allocation fraction for straw - Calculated |
| RUSLE_K | 0.0269 | — | (1,3,3,1,1,na) - [t ha hr ha-1 MJ-1 mm-1] K= Soil erodibility factor - Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) derrived from GIS layer provided in Teng, Viscarra et al 2017 |
| Soil_C_Change_Switch | — | — | By default the switch is set to 0 to not soil carbon change. To include the value for soil carbon change set the switch to 1. The results still contain significant uncertainty and should be used with extreme care. - |
| NAAR_Tot | 0.724176896 | NAAR_Crop + NAAR_Cropimport+NAAR_fert | [kgH+] Total mass of H+ added due to the system - Net addition (-ve = subtraction) of H+ in kg - Calculated |
| EFN_DS_nonirrc_a600mm | 0.008 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kgN2O-N/kgN] N2O emission factor for direct emissions from synthetic fertilizers applied on non-irrigated crop with rainfall >600mm - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| Carbon_not_burnt_in_burn_deg | 18.280982720000015 | Yield*Res_crop*Fresremaining*DM_residue*(1-Burn_efficiency)*Fburnt*CC_residue*44/12 | [kgCO2] Carbon emission from fraction of carbon not burnt in the burn - Calculated |
| RUSLE_C | 0.0397 | — | (1,3,3,1,1,na) - C = Cover factor - Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) derrived from GIS layer provided in Teng, Viscarra et al 2020 |
| Water_irr | — | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - [ML] Volume of irrigation applied - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion |
| CT_frac | 0.04 | — | Fraction of the region managed with controlled traffic - CSIRO practice survey |
| N_in_MAP | 0.1 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - Nitrogen fraction in MAP - IFA Fertilizer Industry Federation of Australia Environment report 2010 |
| M_tot_supply | 175.67804977777777 | M_MAP+M_Urea_Tot+M_UAN+M_PestChem+M_Lime | [kg] Total mass of products transported to the farm gate - Calculated |
| Fburnt | 0.21 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - Fraction of residues burnt for the AER - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| FracAir | 0.01 | — | (3,2,4,2,4,na) - Primary partitioning fraction of crop protection AI releaesd to air - Calculated using consensus model based on Pest LCI |
| Cd_in_MAP | 4.1 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg ] Cadmium content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008 |
| Res_crop | 1.24 | — | (1,3,2,1,1,na) - [kg crop residue/kg crop]] Residue/crop ratio for barley - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| All_Straw_Eco | 1.2894280277022219 | (m_straw*P_straw)/(P_Straw*m_straw+m_grain*P_crop)*100 | [%] Economic allocation fraction for straw - default for AusLCI - Calculated |
| EF_TOC | 5.5 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| Frac_Multi_till | 0.0982 | — | (3,2,3,2,1,na) - % of area with multiple tillage operations - Australian Bureau of Statistics 2018 |
| PFERT | 9.108 | M_MAP*P_in_MAP | [kg P] Total mass of P applied. Calculated as: sum of (mass of phosphorus fertilizer x phosphorus content) - Calculated |
| NAAR_Cropimport | — | 0 | [kgH+] kg H+ accounts and nitrogen irons imported with other biogenic material such as stubble or compost from outside the field - Calculated |
| Nb_Fertilizer | 2.0 | — | (2,2,1,2,2,na) - Number of fertilizing operations (pre & post-emergence) - AgMargins reports/2021/Queensland Government & Farm Gross Margin Guide/2024/SAGIT adjusted by expert opinion |
| M_Lime | 40.232049777777775 | NAAR_Tot/(-AF_Lime*lime_purity) | [kg] Mass of lime required to balance out acidity to soil from NAAR. Adjusted to account for the purity of limestone (90% of limestone is lime) - Calculated |
| HgFERT | 0.00000049135 | (M_MAP*Hg_in_MAP+ M_Urea_Tot*Hg_in_Urea+M_UAN*Hg_in_UAN)*1e-6 | [kgHg] Total amount of Hg applied: mass of fertilizer x Hgcontent in fertilizer - Calculated |
| AshAlkalinity_Straw | 0.4 | — | (4,3,1,1,1,na) - [kmol/t] Alkalinity of straw co-product removed - Baldock et al. 2009. Building a foundation for soil condition assessment. CSIRO Land and Water Science Report. |
| m_grain | 2570.0 | yield-Seed_input | [kg] Total wet mass of grain - Calculated |
| EFburn_CO2 | — | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [Gg element in species/Gg element in fuel burnt] Emission factor from crop residues burning for CO2 - NIR 2023 (DCCEEW, 2025). |
| M_PestChem | 3.0460000000000003 | AZOX_appl+PROS_appl+CARF_appl+GLYP_appl+MCPA570_appl+FLOR_appl | [g] Cumulative mass of all the pesticides applied on field. - Calculated |
| Carbon_Residue_remaining | 3133.882752 | Yield*Res_crop*((1-Fburnt-Fremoved))*DM_residue*CC_residue*44/12 | [kgCO2] Carbon emission from residue remaining - Calculated |
| RUSLE_LS | 6.6 | — | (1,3,3,1,1,na) - L = Slope length factor and S is slope steepness factor - Revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) derrived from GIS layer provided in Teng, Viscarra et al 2018 |
| DLUC_switch | — | — | By default the switch is set to 0 to not include direct land use change. To include the value for direct land use change set the switch to 1. Direct land use change calculation approach is still uncertain - |
| EF_Chromium_VI | 0.000264 | — | (3,1,5,3,2,na) - [g/kg] emission factor from NPI workbook/1000 - pg 13, Environment Australia, Aggregated Emissions from Prescribed burning and Wildfires, 1999 |
| Pb_in_Urea | 0.01 | — | (2,3,2,3,1,na) - [mg/kg] Lead content - Vic DPI fertiliser survey 2008 |
| AF_UAN0L | — | — | (2,2,2,2,1,na) - [kmolH+/kg N] Acid factor of UAN with 0 % leaching - Maintenance Lime Rate Calculator PIRSA, 2016 |
| FracRainb600mm | 0.875 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) - Percentage of cultivation area with rainfall <600mm - SILO, Queensland Government, 2024 |
| AF_UAN | 0.000461376 | AF_UAN0L*(1-FracN_Leach*FracWET)+AF_UAN100L*(FracN_Leach*FracWET) | [kmolH+/kgN] Acid factor of UAN taking account of the fraction of N being leached - Calculated |
| CdFERT | 0.00021523999999999998 | (M_MAP*Cd_in_MAP+ M_Urea_Tot*Cd_in_Urea+M_UAN*Cd_in_UAN)*1e-6 | [kgCd] Total amount of Cd applied: mass of fertilizer x Cdcontent in fertilizer - Calculated |