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Cattle production, Young Cattle 15-20 months, Riverina , NSW, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U

Unit process Australia v00.00.000

Included processes: The inventory begins with the breeding, growing and maintenance of cattle herd in the NSW Riverina MIA including pasture, feed inputs, supplements and energy use on farm The system boundary ends at the field gate with the production of cattle for sale in three classes - weaners, prime cattle and culled cattle. The direct emissions on the field are also included. Excluded processes: Indirect land use change is not included by default however the details of land use change in NSW Riverina MIA is included in parameters of the inventory. Remark: This process is an unallocated coproducing process for cattle production in NSW Riverina MIA and should not be used directly in an LCA. For specific products use the allocated inventory processes for specific products. This inventory has been developed as with support from Australian Government through the National Landcare Programme Innovation Grants for the project ?AusAgLCI - enabling continual improvement of sustainability by life cycle impact assessment (INNOV-033)? which is was undertaken by CSIRO Agriculture and Life Cycle Strategies from 2014-2016. Technology: Average Time period: 2010/11 to 2014/15 Version: 1.0 Record: Data entry by: Javi Navarro Tel: ; email: javi.navarro@csiro.au; company:CSIRO; Country: AU Generator: Generator/publicator: Javi Navarro Tel: ; email: javi.navarro@csiro.au; company:CSIRO; Country: AU

Sector
Material
Contributor
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Last updated
27 Apr 2019
Reference ID
98902da2-eb8d-3719-b836-6087b801bfcd

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Documentation

Quantitative reference
Cattle production, Young Cattle 15-20 months, Riverina , NSW, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U
Sampling procedure
Herd structure and product turn-off from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
Creation date
27 Apr 2019
Is copyright protected
No
Is infrastructure process
No
Tags
material
Sources
Land Use of Australia, 2010-11
Agricultural Commodities, Australia, 2014-15
Building a foundation for soil condition assessment
Farm budgets and costs: Livestock gross margin budgets
Farm Business Planning Tools
Livestock Farm Monitor Project Results 2013/14
National Inventory Report 2013 Volume 1
Representative Herds Templates for Northern Australia V1.00
Rural Solutions SA PIRSA (2015) Farm Gross Margin 2015
Slattery, W, Ridley, A, Windsor, S Ash alkalinity of animal and plant products.
Updated FarmGAS Tools and Support Material

Product outputs

Flow AmountUnitComment
Cattle production, Young Cattle 15-20 months, Riverina , NSW, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U 1.0 kg Unallocation inventory for production of a range of cattle in this region as described in the comment field

Technical inputs

Flow AmountUnitComment
Cattle, internal parasite control {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.004922029176333314 Item(s) Number of anthelmintic treatments for the herd.
Chemical, organic {GLO}| market for chemical, organic | Cut-off, U 0.009844058352666628 g Vaccine administered for clostridial and reproductive diseases.
Cottonseed meal, at oil mill {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total protein pellets for herd.
Cottonseed meal, at oil mill {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total copra for herd.
Cottonseed meal, at oil mill {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total cottonseed for herd.
Diesel {RoW}| market for diesel | Cut-off, U 0.06852599999999999 kg Fuel use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Dry season mix, 30% urea, 5.5% P, at production {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total dry season lick for herd.
Electricity, low voltage {AU-NSW}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.04700000000000001 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-NT}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-QLD}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-SA}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-VIC}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-WA-SWIS}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Fertilizing, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0039086239994401625 ha Application of fertiliser to pasture
Forage sorghum, irrigated, Darling Downs QLD {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total forage sorghum grazed by herd.
Molasses, C-grade, at mill gate, {AU-QLD}| sugarcane milling | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total molasses for herd.
Native Pasture hay, Northern Australia {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total hay for herd.
Oat grain, dryland, Central and SW Slopes and Plains, NSW_Vic, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total forage oats grazed for herd.
Polyurethane, flexible foam {RoW}| market for polyurethane, flexible foam | Cut-off, U 0.05157184933635736 g Total weight of ID tags.
Single superphosphate {AU}| market for single superphosphate | AusLCI, U 0.22279156796808927 kg Single superphosphate for pasture improvement
Transport, truck, 28t, fleet average {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 t*km Total transport of inputs to region. All assumed to be by articulated truck
Wet season mix, 0% N 21% P, at production {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total wet season lick for herd.
Wet season mix, 20% GranAm, 40% Kynofos, 40% Salt, at production {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total wet season lick for herd.
Wheat grain, dryland, Central and SW Slopes and Plains, NSW_Vic, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total wheat for herd.

Elementary flow inputs

Flow Sub-compartment AmountUnitComment
Carbon dioxide, in air in air 0.16866666666666666 kg Net atmospheric CO2 absorbed by production system (if positive) or released (if negative) based on
Occupation, grassland, natural, for livestock grazing — 0.019543119997200813 ha*a Intersection of livestock region (based on SA2 units) and 2010 Land Use Map (Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences 2016) for natural and sown pastures
Water, unspecified natural origin, Lachlan, NSW, AU — 0.0005443835504776979 ML Evaporative water loss from farm dam occuring in Lachlan, NSW, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Lachlan, NSW, AU — 14.120123988385748 l Total water use is calculated from cattle drinking water requirements taking account water content of feed and mean ambient temperature occuring in Lachlan, NSW, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Murray, NSW, VIC and SA, AU — 0.00009705694198780475 ML Evaporative water loss from farm dam occuring in Murray, NSW, VIC and SA, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Murray, NSW, VIC and SA, AU — 2.517445748679928 l Total water use is calculated from cattle drinking water requirements taking account water content of feed and mean ambient temperature occuring in Murray, NSW, VIC and SA, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Murrumbidgee, NSW, AU — 0.0008909695363256157 ML Evaporative water loss from farm dam occuring in Murrumbidgee, NSW, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Murrumbidgee, NSW, AU — 23.109809823887485 l Total water use is calculated from cattle drinking water requirements taking account water content of feed and mean ambient temperature occuring in Murrumbidgee, NSW, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Ovens, VIC, AU — 0.0030925866000984193 l Total water use is calculated from cattle drinking water requirements taking account water content of feed and mean ambient temperature occuring in Ovens, VIC, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Ovens, VIC, AU — 0.0000001192307712670304 ML Evaporative water loss from farm dam occuring in Ovens, VIC, AU catchment.

Elementary flow outputs

Flow CompartmentSub-compartment AmountUnitComment
Ammonia Emission to airunspecified 0.005963138960895691 kg NH3 emission
Area grazed Non material emissions— 0.019543119997200813 ha —
Copra feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Cottonseed feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Culled breeders Non material emissions— 0.20851796592784433 kg —
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airunspecified 0.00003086801344463652 kg N2O atmospheric deposition
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airunspecified 0.0012353274195207938 kg Dung and Urine N2O
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airunspecified 0.0 kg N2O leaching and runoff
Direct electricity Non material emissions— 0.04700000000000001 kWh —
Dry lick Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Dung & Urine N2O Non material emissions— 0.0012353274195207938 kg —
Enteric methane Non material emissions— 0.3064951789903926 kg —
Evaporative water loss Non material emissions— 1.53252919366363 m3 —
Hay feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Indirect N2O atm dep Non material emissions— 0.00003086801344463652 kg —
Indirect N2O leaching Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Livestock numbers Non material emissions— 106833.0 Item(s) —
Manure methane Non material emissions— 0.00008453836079963334 kg —
Methane, non-fossil Emission to airunspecified 0.3064951789903926 kg Enteric Methane
Methane, non-fossil Emission to airunspecified 0.00008453836079963334 kg Manure Methane
Molasses feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Nitrogen Emission to waterground water 0.0 kg N leached from Dung and Urine
Oats feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
P fertiliser Non material emissions— 0.22279156796808927 kg —
Prime cattle Non material emissions— 0.683776395702299 kg —
Protein pellets feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Quantity of livestock Non material emissions— 22903968.254 kg —
Silage feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Sorghum feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Transportation to farm Non material emissions— 0.0 t*km —
Water intake of livestock Non material emissions— 0.03975047043828303 m3 —
Weaners Non material emissions— 0.1077056383698566 kg —
Wet lick Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Wheat feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
hydrogen ions Emissions to soil— 0.0003400000000000001 kg Net change in H ions due to imports (feriliser, feeds) to and exports (cattle) from the farm

Parameters

NameValueFormulaDescription
KG_PrimeCattle 15661192.86 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Prime cattle sold (kg live weight) ? e.g. steers/bullocks, heifers (2 and 3 year old), calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
KM_Hay 100.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for hay (km)
CC_Oats_graz — — Carbon content 0.40 of oats as delivered assuming moisture content of 70%
KM_Wheat — — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for wheat (km)
KM_Copra 400.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for copra (km)
KM_Lick — — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for dry and wet season lick (km)
F_Murray_NSW_VIC_and_SA 0.063331219 — Fraction of Murray, NSW, VIC and SA, AU catchment in livestock region.
EF_Ent 0.0215 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Enteric Methane emission factor in kg methane per kg of DMI. From (Department of the Environment 2015)
Elec_use 1076486.5079380001 Elec*ProductTotal Electricity used
KM_Protein_pellets 600.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for protein_pellets (km)
Molasses — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total molasses fed (kg)
Cows 65486.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Number of cows and heifers mated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
KM_Molasses 400.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for molasses (km)
C_imported — Dry_mix*CC_Dry_mix+Wet_mix*CC_Wet_mix+Hay*CC_Hay+Copra*CC_Copra+Molasses*CC_Molasses+Cottonseed*CC_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*CC_Protein_Pellets+Wheat*CC_Wheat kg of biogenic carbon in imported feed
TotalTkmRoad — (Dry_mix*KM_Lick+Wet_mix*KM_LICK+Hay*KM_Hay+Copra*KM_Copra+Molasses*KM_Molasses+Cottonseed*KM_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*KM_Protein_Pellets+Wheat*KM_Wheat)/1000 Total transport for inputs to the system in tkm. All assumed to be transported for articulated trucks.
Wheat — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total wheat fed (kg)
Lime_purity 0.9 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) - fractional purity of limestone NIR 2023 (DCCEEW 2025).
Cattle 106833.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total number of livestock carried for the year using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
KM_Cottonseed 400.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for cottonseed (km)
Copra — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total copra meal fed (kg)
ProductTotal 22903968.254 KG_PrimeCattle+KG_CulledBreeders+kg_Weaners Total production of cattle from this process (kg live weight)
NAAR_Inputs — (Dry_mix*AF_Dry_mix+Wet_mix*AF_Wet_mix+Hay*AF_Hay+Copra*AF_Copra+Molasses*AF_Molasses+Cottonseed*AF_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*AF_Protein_Pellets+Wheat*AF_Wheat)/1000 Net change in soil acidity (H ion eq) from imported products (feeds, fertilizer)
MAN_CH4 1936.263932 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg Manure methane. Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
AF_Wet_mix — — Acid factor for urea (kMol/kg) assuming 30% urea in wet season mix, based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
CC_Molasses 0.347 — Carbon content 0.42 of molasses as delivered assuming moisture content of 17.5%
AF_Cottonseed — — Acid factor for cottonseed (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
DMI 326509574.4 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg Dry matter Intake. (Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
CC_Copra 0.45 — Carbon content 0.5 of copra as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
Tot_P_fert 5102811.0 P_fert*HA_Grazing*PR_fert Total fertiliser applied as single superphosphate
Elec 0.047 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Electricity (kWh/kg LW cattle sold) calculated from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Anthelmintics 112734.0 Cows*1+Calves_weaned Number of doses of anthelmintic adimistered for internal parasites
F_Murrumbidgee_NSW 0.581371983 — Fraction of Murrumbidgee, NSW, AU catchment in livestock region.
All_Weaners_Mass 0.1077056383698566 kg_Weaners/ProductTotal Mass allocation fraction for Culled cattle
AF_Protein_Pellets — — Acid factor for protein pellets (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
All_PrimeCattle_Eco 0.7746343034271105 (P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners) Economic allocation fraction for Prime cattle - default for AusLCI
All_PrimeCattle 0.7746343034271105 All_PrimeCattle_Eco*EconomicAll+All_PrimeCattle_Mass*(1-EconomicAll) Allocation fraction for culled breeding cattle based on ecnomic allocation of beef - default for AusLCI
N_LeachGW — TotN_LeachGW-(TotN_LeachGW*EFN_Leach) N leached to ground water adjusted for N loss from N2O (kg).
AF_Copra — — Acid factor for copra (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
Ent_CH4 7019955.849599999 DMI*EF_Ent enteric methane (kg) based on DMI and emission factor. From (Department of the Environment 2015)
CC_Sorghum_graz — — Carbon content 0.44 of forage sorghum as delivered assuming moisture content of 70%
Calves_weaned 47248.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Number calves weaned using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
CC_Wet_mix — — Carbon content 0.0 of wet season mix as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
TotN_LeachGW — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) total N leached to ground water (kg). Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
Cottonseed — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total cottonseed fed (kg)
AF_Dry_mix 0.012 — Acid factor for urea (kMol/kg) assuming 30% urea in dry season mix, based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
Vaccine_vol 2.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Volume of individual vaccine (ml)
Oats_graz — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total area of forage oats planted and grazed (ha)
All_Culledbreeders 0.1033484952213957 All_CulledBreeders_Eco*EconomicAll+All_CulledBreeders_Mass*(1-EconomicAll) Allocation fraction for culled cattle based on ecnomic allocation of beef - default for AusLCI
PR_fert 0.2 — Proportion of grazed area fertilsed with single superphosphate
P_Weaners 1.73 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for Weaners ($/kg live weight sold) using Gross Margins from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014).
C_cattle 1053582.539684 CC_cattle*ProductTotal kg of biogenic carbon in cattle leaving the system as products
P_fert 57.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Fertiliser applied as single superphosphate 8.8% P (kg/ha/year). Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014).
CC_Cottonseed 0.45 — Carbon content 0.50 of cottonseed as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
HA_GRAZING 447615.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Hectares grazing land by Livestock Region (based on SA2 Level data from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
Dry_mix — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total dry season lick (kg)
CC_Protein_Pellets 0.405 — Carbon content 0.50 of protein_pellets as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
Evap_water_loss 35101.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Evaporative water loss from farm dams (ML). Potential evaporation from long-term annual Australian 5 km potential evaporation surface (Penman, 1981-2010; Donohue et al, 2013). Dam surface area from regional-scale surface hydrology polygons, Geoscience Australia (Crossman and Li 2015).
Hay — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total hay fed (kg)
Fuel_use 1855221.428574 Fuel*ProductTotal Fuel used
AF_Cattle 0.34 — Acid factor for red meat (kMol/kg) based on (Slattery et al.).
EFN_Leach 0.0075 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Emissions factor for proportion of N leached released as N2O.
Wet_mix — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total wet season lick (kg)
AF_Wheat — — Acid factor for wheat (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
AF_Hay -0.7 — Acid factor for hay (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
P_CulledBreeders 0.756875 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for Culled breeders ($/kg live weight sold) using Gross Margins from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014).
P_PrimeCattle 1.73 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for Prime cattle ($/kg live weight sold) using Gross Margins from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014).
CC_Hay 0.4 — Carbon content 0.44 of hay as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
NAAR_Cattle 7787.3492063600015 producttotal*af_cattle/1000 Change in soil acidity (H ion eq) from export of cattle product
SOC_change — — Change in SOC t C/ha/year in 0-30cm layer
Silage — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total weight of silage grown and fed (kg)
C_added 1053582.539684 C_cattle-C_imported Net carbon added by this process, from pasture into cattle less carbon output from cattle via respiration and manure. Assumes soil carbon is stable thorugh the process.
KG_Weaners 2466886.522 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Weaners sold (kg live weight) - both sexes < 1 year old, calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
LEACH_N2O — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from leached N. Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
CC_Wheat 0.36 — Carbon content 0.40 of wheat as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
ATMOS_N2O 707.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from N deposited from atmosphere. Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
All_PrimeCattle_Mass 0.683776395702299 kg_PrimeCattle/ProductTotal Mass allocation fraction for Prime cattle
BiogenicCO2 — SOC_change*3.667*HA_GRAZING*0 Total SOC change in units of CO2-eq
KG_CulledBreeders 4775888.872 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Culled cattle sold (kg live weight) ? e.g. mature bulls, cows and spay cows >3 years old, calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
CC_cattle 0.046 — Carbon content 0.152 of cattle as delivered assuming moisture content of 70%
Fuel 0.081 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Fuel (L diesel/kg LW of cattle sold) calculated from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
EconomicAll 1.0 — By default this is set to 1 for economic allocation of different cattle classes. For mass allocation set to 0.
Water 910443513.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total drinking water intake (L/year)
ID_tag 25.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Weight of plastic ID tag individual (g)
CC_Silage 0.2 — Carbon content 0.44 of silage as delivered assuming moisture content of 55%
Vaccine 225468.0 (Cows+Calves_weaned)*Vaccine_vol Vaccine administered for clostridial and reproductive diseases (ml).
All_CulledBreeders_Mass 0.20851796592784433 kg_CulledBreeders/ProductTotal Mass allocation fraction for Culled cattle
F_Ovens_VIC 0.0000778 — Fraction of Ovens, VIC, AU catchment in livestock region.
Protein_Pellets — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total protein pellets fed (kg)
DU_N2O 28293.9 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from dung and urine. Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
All_Weaners_Eco 0.12201720135149381 (KG_Weaners*P_Weaners)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners) Economic allocation fraction for Weaned cattle - default for AusLCI
F_Lachlan_NSW 0.355219041 — Fraction of Lachlan, NSW, AU catchment in livestock region.
AF_Molasses — — Acid factor for molasses (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
All_CulledBreeders_Eco 0.1033484952213957 (KG_CulledBreeders*P_CulledBreeders)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners) Economic allocation fraction for Culled cattle - default for AusLCI
Sorghum_graz — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total area of forage sorghum planed and grazed (ha)
ID_tags 1181200.0 Calves_weaned*ID_tag Weight of ID tags total (g)
CC_Dry_mix — — Carbon content 0.0 of dry season mix as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
All_Weaners 0.12201720135149381 All_Weaners_Eco*EconomicAll+All_Weaners_Mass*(1-EconomicAll) Allocation being used by the inventory after applicaion of economic/mass allocation switch.