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Cattle production, Barkly Tableland , NT, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U

Unit process Australia v00.00.000

Included processes: The inventory begins with the breeding, growing and maintenance of cattle herd in the R712, NT including pasture, feed inputs, supplements and energy use on farm The system boundary ends at the field gate with the production of cattle for sale in three classes - weaners, prime cattle and culled cattle. The direct emissions on the field are also included. Excluded processes: Indirect land use change is not included by default however the details of land use change in R712, NT is included in parameters of the inventory. Remark: This process is an unallocated coproducing process for cattle production in R712, NT and should not be used directly in an LCA. For specific products use the allocated inventory processes for specific products. This inventory has been developed as with support from Australian Government through the National Landcare Programme Innovation Grants for the project ?AusAgLCI - enabling continual improvement of sustainability by life cycle impact assessment (INNOV-033)? which is was undertaken by CSIRO Agriculture and Life Cycle Strategies from 2014-2016. Technology: Average Time period: 2010/11 to 2014/15 Version: 1.0 Record: Data entry by: Javi Navarro Tel: ; email: javi.navarro@csiro.au; company:CSIRO; Country: AU Generator: Generator/publicator: Javi Navarro Tel: ; email: javi.navarro@csiro.au; company:CSIRO; Country: AU

Sector
Material
Contributor
—
Last updated
27 Apr 2019
Reference ID
9d90f10a-ba0f-3d2a-9931-a5c22e5aef59

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Documentation

Quantitative reference
Cattle production, Barkly Tableland , NT, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U
Sampling procedure
Herd structure and product turn-off from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
Creation date
27 Apr 2019
Is copyright protected
No
Is infrastructure process
No
Tags
material
Sources
Land Use of Australia, 2010-11
Agricultural Commodities, Australia, 2014-15
Building a foundation for soil condition assessment
Farm budgets and costs: Livestock gross margin budgets
Farm Business Planning Tools
Livestock Farm Monitor Project Results 2013/14
National Inventory Report 2013 Volume 1
Representative Herds Templates for Northern Australia V1.00
Rural Solutions SA PIRSA (2015) Farm Gross Margin 2015
Slattery, W, Ridley, A, Windsor, S Ash alkalinity of animal and plant products.
Updated FarmGAS Tools and Support Material

Product outputs

Flow AmountUnitComment
Cattle production, Barkly Tableland , NT, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U 1.0 kg Unallocation inventory for production of a range of cattle in this region as described in the comment field

Technical inputs

Flow AmountUnitComment
Cattle, internal parasite control {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 Item(s) Number of anthelmintic treatments for the herd.
Chemical, organic {GLO}| market for chemical, organic | Cut-off, U 0.019851209098863246 g Vaccine administered for clostridial and reproductive diseases.
Cottonseed meal, at oil mill {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total cottonseed for herd.
Cottonseed meal, at oil mill {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total copra for herd.
Cottonseed meal, at oil mill {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total protein pellets for herd.
Diesel {RoW}| market for diesel | Cut-off, U 0.06852599999999999 kg Fuel use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Dry season mix, 30% urea, 5.5% P, at production {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.19066426863752536 kg Total dry season lick for herd.
Electricity, low voltage {AU-NSW}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-NT}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.047 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-QLD}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-SA}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-VIC}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-WA-SWIS}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Fertilizing, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 ha Application of fertiliser to pasture
Forage sorghum, irrigated, Darling Downs QLD {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total forage sorghum grazed by herd.
Molasses, C-grade, at mill gate, {AU-QLD}| sugarcane milling | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total molasses for herd.
Native Pasture hay, Northern Australia {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.06856215619855625 kg Total hay for herd.
Oat grain, dryland, Goldfields, SA_WA, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total forage oats grazed for herd.
Polyurethane, flexible foam {RoW}| market for polyurethane, flexible foam | Cut-off, U 0.09148449740226838 g Total weight of ID tags.
Single superphosphate {AU}| market for single superphosphate | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Single superphosphate for pasture improvement
Transport, truck, 28t, fleet average {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.33857125157286033 t*km Total transport of inputs to region. All assumed to be by articulated truck
Wet season mix, 0% N 21% P, at production {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total wet season lick for herd.
Wet season mix, 20% GranAm, 40% Kynofos, 40% Salt, at production {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total wet season lick for herd.
Wheat grain, dryland, Maranoa, NSW_Qld, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total wheat for herd.

Elementary flow inputs

Flow Sub-compartment AmountUnitComment
Carbon dioxide, in air in air 0.06810883757545083 kg Net atmospheric CO2 absorbed by production system (if positive) or released (if negative) based on
Occupation, grassland, natural, for livestock grazing — 0.22352614797471482 ha*a Intersection of livestock region (based on SA2 units) and 2010 Land Use Map (Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences 2016) for natural and sown pastures
Water, unspecified natural origin, Gulf of Carpentaria, NT and QLD, AU — 0.00018289429398931042 ML Evaporative water loss from farm dam occuring in Gulf of Carpentaria, NT and QLD, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Gulf of Carpentaria, NT and QLD, AU — 10.129765562058179 l Total water use is calculated from cattle drinking water requirements taking account water content of feed and mean ambient temperature occuring in Gulf of Carpentaria, NT and QLD, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Lake Eyre, NSW, QLD, NT and SA, AU — 25.6976848684365 l Total water use is calculated from cattle drinking water requirements taking account water content of feed and mean ambient temperature occuring in Lake Eyre, NSW, QLD, NT and SA, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Lake Eyre, NSW, QLD, NT and SA, AU — 0.00046397519294785484 ML Evaporative water loss from farm dam occuring in Lake Eyre, NSW, QLD, NT and SA, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Timor Sea, NT and WA, AU — 0.0019512889392921382 ML Evaporative water loss from farm dam occuring in Timor Sea, NT and WA, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Timor Sea, NT and WA, AU — 108.07389923286397 l Total water use is calculated from cattle drinking water requirements taking account water content of feed and mean ambient temperature occuring in Timor Sea, NT and WA, AU catchment.

Elementary flow outputs

Flow CompartmentSub-compartment AmountUnitComment
Ammonia Emission to airunspecified 0.00866188896386388 kg NH3 emission
Area grazed Non material emissions— 0.22352614797471482 ha —
Copra feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Cottonseed feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Culled breeders Non material emissions— 0.36184044824910455 kg —
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airunspecified 0.0 kg N2O leaching and runoff
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airunspecified 0.0017936127198721083 kg Dung and Urine N2O
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airunspecified 0.00004483801346000126 kg N2O atmospheric deposition
Direct electricity Non material emissions— 0.047 kWh —
Dry lick Non material emissions— 0.19066426863752536 kg —
Dung & Urine N2O Non material emissions— 0.0017936127198721083 kg —
Enteric methane Non material emissions— 0.5738765317177271 kg —
Evaporative water loss Non material emissions— 2.5981584262293036 m3 —
Hay feed Non material emissions— 0.06856215619855625 kg —
Indirect N2O atm dep Non material emissions— 0.00004483801346000126 kg —
Indirect N2O leaching Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Livestock numbers Non material emissions— 850171.0 Item(s) —
Manure methane Non material emissions— 0.0006896669330050576 kg —
Methane, non-fossil Emission to airunspecified 0.5738765317177271 kg Enteric Methane
Methane, non-fossil Emission to airunspecified 0.0006896669330050576 kg Manure Methane
Molasses feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Nitrogen Emission to waterground water 0.0 kg N leached from Dung and Urine
Oats feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
P fertiliser Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Prime cattle Non material emissions— 0.23179936772853588 kg —
Protein pellets feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Quantity of livestock Non material emissions— 84615702.33 kg —
Silage feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Sorghum feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Transportation to farm Non material emissions— 0.33857125157286033 t*km —
Water intake of livestock Non material emissions— 0.14390134966335863 m3 —
Weaners Non material emissions— 0.40636018402235957 kg —
Wet lick Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Wheat feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
hydrogen ions Emissions to soil— 0.00029429446188466096 kg Net change in H ions due to imports (feriliser, feeds) to and exports (cattle) from the farm

Parameters

NameValueFormulaDescription
Wheat — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total wheat fed (kg)
EconomicAll 1.0 — By default this is set to 1 for economic allocation of different cattle classes. For mass allocation set to 0.
CC_Wheat 0.36 — Carbon content 0.40 of wheat as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
KM_Protein_pellets 600.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for protein_pellets (km)
P_CulledBreeders 0.9 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for Culled breeders ($/kg live weight sold) using Gross Margins from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014).
KG_CulledBreeders 30617383.66 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Culled cattle sold (kg live weight) ? e.g. mature bulls, cows and spay cows >3 years old, calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
All_PrimeCattle_Mass 0.23179936772853588 kg_PrimeCattle/ProductTotal Mass allocation fraction for Prime cattle
TotN_LeachGW — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) total N leached to ground water (kg). Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
EFN_Leach 0.0075 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Emissions factor for proportion of N leached released as N2O.
NAAR_Inputs -3867.4062079999994 (Dry_mix*AF_Dry_mix+Wet_mix*AF_Wet_mix+Hay*AF_Hay+Copra*AF_Copra+Molasses*AF_Molasses+Cottonseed*AF_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*AF_Protein_Pellets+Wheat*AF_Wheat)/1000 Net change in soil acidity (H ion eq) from imported products (feeds, fertilizer)
Vaccine_vol 2.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Volume of individual vaccine (ml)
CC_Protein_Pellets 0.405 — Carbon content 0.50 of protein_pellets as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
Water 12176313768.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total drinking water intake (L/year)
Elec_use 3976938.00951 Elec*ProductTotal Electricity used
Cattle 850171.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total number of livestock carried for the year using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
F_Timor_Sea_NT_and_WA 0.751027697 — Fraction of Timor Sea, NT and WA, AU catchment in livestock region.
PR_fert — — Proportion of grazed area fertilsed with single superphosphate
KM_Copra 400.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for copra (km)
LEACH_N2O — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from leached N. Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
ATMOS_N2O 3794.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from N deposited from atmosphere. Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
AF_Protein_Pellets — — Acid factor for protein pellets (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
All_Culledbreeders 0.2664491534040631 All_CulledBreeders_Eco*EconomicAll+All_CulledBreeders_Mass*(1-EconomicAll) Allocation fraction for culled cattle based on ecnomic allocation of beef - default for AusLCI
Elec 0.047 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Electricity (kWh/kg LW cattle sold) calculated from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
AF_Cottonseed — — Acid factor for cottonseed (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
All_Weaners_Mass 0.40636018402235957 kg_Weaners/ProductTotal Mass allocation fraction for Culled cattle
HA_GRAZING 18913822.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Hectares grazing land by Livestock Region (based on SA2 Level data from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
AF_Dry_mix 0.012 — Acid factor for urea (kMol/kg) assuming 30% urea in dry season mix, based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
Dry_mix 16133191.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total dry season lick (kg)
Sorghum_graz — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total area of forage sorghum planed and grazed (ha)
Tot_P_fert — P_fert*HA_Grazing*PR_fert Total fertiliser applied as single superphosphate
Copra — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total copra meal fed (kg)
KM_Molasses 400.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for molasses (km)
CC_Dry_mix — — Carbon content 0.0 of dry season mix as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
CC_Wet_mix — — Carbon content 0.0 of wet season mix as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
Fuel_use 6853871.88873 Fuel*ProductTotal Fuel used
Ent_CH4 48558965.782 DMI*EF_Ent enteric methane (kg) based on DMI and emission factor. From (Department of the Environment 2015)
KM_Wheat — — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for wheat (km)
AF_Cattle 0.34 — Acid factor for red meat (kMol/kg) based on (Slattery et al.).
Hay 5801435.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total hay fed (kg)
AF_Hay -0.7 — Acid factor for hay (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
All_Weaners 0.5735284555383068 All_Weaners_Eco*EconomicAll+All_Weaners_Mass*(1-EconomicAll) Allocation being used by the inventory after applicaion of economic/mass allocation switch.
Lime_purity 0.9 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) - fractional purity of limestone NIR 2023 (DCCEEW 2025).
C_cattle 3892322.30718 CC_cattle*ProductTotal kg of biogenic carbon in cattle leaving the system as products
Silage — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total weight of silage grown and fed (kg)
Cottonseed — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total cottonseed fed (kg)
P_Weaners 1.725 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for Weaners ($/kg live weight sold) using Gross Margins from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014).
MAN_CH4 58356.65191 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg Manure methane. Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
F_Gulf_of_Carpentaria_NT_and_QLD 0.070393819 — Fraction of Gulf of Carpentaria, NT and QLD, AU catchment in livestock region.
Cows 530221.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Number of cows and heifers mated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
EF_Ent 0.0215 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Enteric Methane emission factor in kg methane per kg of DMI. From (Department of the Environment 2015)
KG_Weaners 34384452.37 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Weaners sold (kg live weight) - both sexes < 1 year old, calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
CC_Sorghum_graz — — Carbon content 0.44 of forage sorghum as delivered assuming moisture content of 70%
F_Lake_Eyre_NSW_QLD_NT_and_SA 0.178578484 — Fraction of Lake Eyre, NSW, QLD, NT and SA, AU catchment in livestock region.
CC_Oats_graz — — Carbon content 0.40 of oats as delivered assuming moisture content of 70%
Oats_graz — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total area of forage oats planted and grazed (ha)
All_CulledBreeders_Eco 0.2664491534040631 (KG_CulledBreeders*P_CulledBreeders)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners) Economic allocation fraction for Culled cattle - default for AusLCI
AF_Wheat — — Acid factor for wheat (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
ID_tags 7741025.0 Calves_weaned*ID_tag Weight of ID tags total (g)
ProductTotal 84615702.33 KG_PrimeCattle+KG_CulledBreeders+kg_Weaners Total production of cattle from this process (kg live weight)
CC_Cottonseed 0.45 — Carbon content 0.50 of cottonseed as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
AF_Copra — — Acid factor for copra (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
Vaccine 1679724.0 (Cows+Calves_weaned)*Vaccine_vol Vaccine administered for clostridial and reproductive diseases (ml).
All_PrimeCattle 0.16002239105763016 All_PrimeCattle_Eco*EconomicAll+All_PrimeCattle_Mass*(1-EconomicAll) Allocation fraction for culled breeding cattle based on ecnomic allocation of beef - default for AusLCI
KM_Hay 100.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for hay (km)
Molasses — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total molasses fed (kg)
ID_tag 25.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Weight of plastic ID tag individual (g)
KG_PrimeCattle 19613866.3 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Prime cattle sold (kg live weight) ? e.g. steers/bullocks, heifers (2 and 3 year old), calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
DMI 2258556548.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg Dry matter Intake. (Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
CC_Molasses 0.347 — Carbon content 0.42 of molasses as delivered assuming moisture content of 17.5%
TotalTkmRoad 28648444.240584694 (Dry_mix*KM_Lick+Wet_mix*KM_LICK+Hay*KM_Hay+Copra*KM_Copra+Molasses*KM_Molasses+Cottonseed*KM_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*KM_Protein_Pellets+Wheat*KM_Wheat)/1000 Total transport for inputs to the system in tkm. All assumed to be transported for articulated trucks.
CC_Copra 0.45 — Carbon content 0.5 of copra as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
Calves_weaned 309641.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Number calves weaned using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
P_PrimeCattle 0.84375 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for Prime cattle ($/kg live weight sold) using Gross Margins from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014).
N_LeachGW — TotN_LeachGW-(TotN_LeachGW*EFN_Leach) N leached to ground water adjusted for N loss from N2O (kg).
SOC_change — — Change in SOC t C/ha/year in 0-30cm layer
C_imported 2320574.0 Dry_mix*CC_Dry_mix+Wet_mix*CC_Wet_mix+Hay*CC_Hay+Copra*CC_Copra+Molasses*CC_Molasses+Cottonseed*CC_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*CC_Protein_Pellets+Wheat*CC_Wheat kg of biogenic carbon in imported feed
P_fert — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Fertiliser applied as single superphosphate 8.8% P (kg/ha/year). Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014).
CC_Hay 0.4 — Carbon content 0.44 of hay as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
All_PrimeCattle_Eco 0.16002239105763016 (P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners) Economic allocation fraction for Prime cattle - default for AusLCI
KM_Cottonseed 400.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for cottonseed (km)
DU_N2O 151767.8 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from dung and urine. Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
BiogenicCO2 — SOC_change*3.667*HA_GRAZING*0 Total SOC change in units of CO2-eq
KM_Lick 1739.786056 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for dry and wet season lick (km)
AF_Molasses — — Acid factor for molasses (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
Fuel 0.081 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Fuel (L diesel/kg LW of cattle sold) calculated from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
NAAR_Cattle 28769.338792200004 producttotal*af_cattle/1000 Change in soil acidity (H ion eq) from export of cattle product
CC_Silage 0.2 — Carbon content 0.44 of silage as delivered assuming moisture content of 55%
Anthelmintics — Cows*0+Calves_weaned*0 Number of doses of anthelmintic adimistered for internal parasites
CC_cattle 0.046 — Carbon content 0.152 of cattle as delivered assuming moisture content of 70%
Protein_Pellets — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total protein pellets fed (kg)
AF_Wet_mix — — Acid factor for urea (kMol/kg) assuming 30% urea in wet season mix, based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
All_Weaners_Eco 0.5735284555383068 (KG_Weaners*P_Weaners)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners) Economic allocation fraction for Weaned cattle - default for AusLCI
C_added 1571748.30718 C_cattle-C_imported Net carbon added by this process, from pasture into cattle less carbon output from cattle via respiration and manure. Assumes soil carbon is stable thorugh the process.
All_CulledBreeders_Mass 0.36184044824910455 kg_CulledBreeders/ProductTotal Mass allocation fraction for Culled cattle
Wet_mix — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total wet season lick (kg)
Evap_water_loss 219845.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Evaporative water loss from farm dams (ML). Potential evaporation from long-term annual Australian 5 km potential evaporation surface (Penman, 1981-2010; Donohue et al, 2013). Dam surface area from regional-scale surface hydrology polygons, Geoscience Australia (Crossman and Li 2015).