Cattle, manufacturing beef, live weight, Northern Tablelands {AU-NSW}| feeder steers | AusLCI, U
Unit process v00.00.000
This dataset represents the production of cattle for beef. The reference flow is 100 Documentation for this dataset can be found in the 'LCAgMetrics Methodology for developing Life Cycle Inventory' report, available at https://agrifutures.com.au/. (Hume, I., Renouf, M.A., Eady, S.J., Grant, T., 2025). It was developed as part of the LCAgMetrics project, a partnership between Agrifutures Australia and Lifecycles, funded by the Australian Government's Sustainability Reporting Uplift Grant as part of the National Agriculture Traceability Grants Program. Production Volume: 20916.111 kg Activities included: The inventory begins with the breeding, growing and maintenance of cattle in the State, Region, and Production System detailed. Activities included are: Pasture, feed inputs, supplements and energy use on farm. Direct field emissions are included. The system boundary ends at the farm gate with the production of cattle for sale in three classes - culled cattle (Cast For Age cows and bulls), prime cattle (heifers, feeder steers and finished steers) and weaner cattle (female and male). Energy values: 13.0 MJ/kg. Nutritional values: Protein: 14.1%. Carbohydrate: 0.8%. Fat: 14.6%. Geography: Northern Tablelands, New South Wales, Australia. Technology level: Represents current practices as per gross margins reports (NSW DPI 2023 Rural Solutions SA 2022). Time period: 2017-2021. Version: 1.2 Record: Data entry by: Sandra Eady Tel: ; email: office@lifecycles.com.au; company:Lifecycles; Country: AU Generator: Generator/publicator: Sandra Eady Tel: ; email: office@lifecycles.com.au; company:Lifecycles; Country: AU
- Sector
- Material
- Contributor
- —
- Last updated
- 29 Apr 2024
- Reference ID
b5cc8c6a-ebae-33b8-9827-41f3794cdcf5
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Documentation
- Quantitative reference
- Cattle, manufacturing beef, live weight, Northern Tablelands {AU-NSW}| feeder steers | AusLCI, U
- Sampling procedure
- Herd structure and product turn-off from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024).
- Creation date
- 29 Apr 2024
- Is copyright protected
- No
- Is infrastructure process
- No
- Tags
- material
- Sources
-
National Inventory Report (NIR) 2023/2025/DCCEEW
Ash alkalinity/1991/Slattery et al.
Building a foundation for soil condition assessment/2009/Baldock et al.
Environmental performance of large ruminant supply chains/2016/FAO
A Greenhouse Accounting Framework for Beef and Sheep/2020/Ekonomou A.
Agricultural Commodities, Australia, 2018-2022/2023/ABS
Assessing beef carcass tissue weights\2010\Navajas et al.
Beef Cattle Gross Margin Budget/2023/NSW DPI /2023
Efficiency of absorbed protein/2018/Mariz, L.D.S. et al
Farm Gross Margin 2015/2015/Rural Solutions SA PIRSA
Land use of Australia 2010-11 to 2020-21/2024/ABARES
Protein content of liveweight/2022/Honig, A.C. et al
Representative Herds Templates for Northern Australia V1.00/2011/Holmes et al.
The heat of combustion values of the protein and fat in pigs\1972\Sharma et al.
Product outputs
| Flow | Amount | Unit | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cattle, manufacturing beef, live weight, Northern Tablelands {AU-NSW}| feeder steers | AusLCI, U | 7863.634 | kg | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Uncertainty 1.07. Quantity of cattle sold (kg live weight). Carbon content, fossil: 0.0 kg C/kg dry mass. Carbon content, non-fossil: 0.51 kg C/kg dry mass. Dry mass: 0.32 kg/kg wet mass. Wet mass: 1 kg/kg wet mass. |
Technical inputs
| Flow | Amount | Unit | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon correction factor {AU}| | AusLCI, U | 274.78975948993025 | kg | — |
| Cattle, manufacturing beef, live weight, Northern Tablelands , biogenic C not balanced {AU-NSW}| feeder steers | AusLCI, U | 7863.634 | kg | — |
Parameters
| Name | Value | Formula | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| P_PrimeCattle | 3.961 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for Young Cattle Indicator (Eastern and Western) and National Feeder Steer ($/kg live weight sold) from MLA https://www.mla.com/prices-markets/statistics/ for 5 year period 2019 - 2024. |
| Sorghum_graz | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total area of forage sorghum grazed (ha) |
| CC_Copra | 0.45 | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content of 0.5 as DM |
| Anthelmintics | 372.034 | (Cows*IntParasites_cows)+(Calves_weaned*IntParasites_weaners) | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Number of doses of anthelmintic adimistered for internal parasites |
| All_CulledBreeders | 17.85551653938017 | iff(Allocation=1;All_CulledBreeders_Eco;iff(Allocation=2; All_Culledbreeders_EN; iff(Allocation =3; All_Culledbreeders_Mass; All_Pro_Culledbreeders))) | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to culled breeders. (%) |
| Tot_En | 103307332.6 | En_CulledBreeders+En_PrimeCattle+En_Weaners | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total calorific value (kcal) of co-products. |
| All_CulledBreeders_Mass | 23.59683943673907 | kg_CulledBreeders/ProductTotal*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Mass allocation fraction for Culled cattle (%) |
| AF_Cattle | 0.34 | — | Acid factor for red meat (kMol/kg) based on (Slattery et al.). |
| DMI | 529860.019 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg Dry matter intake. Calculated using GAFF Beef and Sheep based on National Inventory Report 2021. Volume 1. |
| DM_Hay | 0.88 | — | Dry matter fraction of hay |
| KG_CulledBreeders | 7863.634 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Culled cattle sold (kg live weight) e.g. mature bulls, cows and spay cows >3 years old, calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications ( New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| All_Pro_CulledBreeders | 23.596839436739078 | Pro_CulledBreeders/Pro_Total*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to Culled Breeders based on protein requirement (%) |
| DM_Cottonseed | 0.9 | — | Dry matter fraction of cottonseed |
| DM_Dry_mix | 0.9 | — | Dry matter fraction of dry season mix |
| CC_Cottonseed | 0.45 | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content of 0.4 as DM, NIR 2023 (DCCEEW 2025) |
| Pro_Weaners | 363.61608 | KG_Weaners*PC_Lwt*EFF_P_Lwt | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total protein requirement to produce Weaners (kg) |
| Elec_use | 191.317217 | Elec*Cows | (1,1,1,1,1,na) 1.05 Uncertainty. Whole farm electricity use (kWh) |
| PC_Lwt | 0.2 | — | Protein content of liveweight. Honig, A.C. et al. 2022 Meat Science 184 doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108685 |
| BioC_all__corr_Weaners | -63.2959833944052 | BioC_Actual_Weaners-BioC_CurrentAll_Weaners | This is the correction to the biogenic carbon required to balance the biogenic carbon for weaners in kg C. |
| Pro_CulledBreeders | 629.0907200000001 | KG_CulledBreeders*PC_Lwt*EFF_P_Lwt | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total protein requirement to produce Culled Breeders (kg) |
| BioC_Actual_CulledBreeders | 1357.098092086 | kg_Culledbreeders*DM_Livecattle*CC_Livecattle | The actual amount of biogenic carbon which should be allocated culled breeders in kg C. |
| EN_lwt | 3.1 | — | Calorific value (kcal/g) of live cattle at 54% dressing %. Sharma et al. 1972 and Navaja et al. 2010. |
| AF_Hay | -0.7 | — | Acid factor for hay (kMol/kg) based on (Slatery et al.). |
| Oats_graz | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total area of forage oats grazed (ha) |
| ATMOS_N2O | 4.557 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from N deposited from atmosphere. Calculated using GAFF Beef and Sheep based on National Inventory Report 2021. Volume 1. |
| BioC_CurrentAll_Weaners | 847.7022267734053 | (BioC_Products+BioC_all_Corr_Primecattle)*All_Weaners/100 | Due to the allocation approach this is how much biogenic CO2 is being directed to the weaner product. in kg C. This is likely not the correct amount. |
| DM_Copra | 0.9 | — | Dry matter fraction of copra |
| AF_Wet_mix | — | — | Acid factor for urea (kMol/kg) assuming 30% urea in wet season mix, based on (Baldock et al. 2009). |
| DM_Wet_mix | 0.9 | — | Dry matter fraction of wet season mix |
| CC_Hay | 0.4 | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content of 0.4 as DM, NIR 2023 (DCCEEW 2025) |
| All_PrimeCattle_Mass | 62.76412570931097 | kg_PrimeCattle/ProductTotal*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Mass allocation fraction for Prime cattle (%) |
| TRANS_cattle | 81.08099999999999 | PUR_Bulls/1000*KM_Cattle | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 2 Uncertainty. Livestock transport for purchased cattle (t.km). |
| AF_Molasses | — | — | Acid factor for molasses (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009). |
| TotN_LeachGW | 1452.555 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) total N leached to ground water (kg). Calculated using GAFF Beef and Sheep based on National Inventory Report 2021. Volume 1. |
| Water | 1456078.498 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total drinking water intake (L/year) |
| BioC_Pasture_nett | 13525.120661334002 | BioC_Products+BioC_as_CH4_emissions-BioC_inputs | kg biogenic carbon added to cattle by pasture after accounting incoming feed, respiration, losses as methane and other losses from system. |
| Wet_mix | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total wet season lick (kg) |
| EFN_Leach | 0.011 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Emissions factor for proportion of N leached released as N2O. |
| Molasses | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total molasses fed (kg) |
| BiogenicCO2 | — | Soil_C_loss*3.667*HA_GRAZING*0 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.5 Uncertainty. Total SOC change in units of CO2-eq |
| AF_Copra | — | — | Acid factor for copra (kMol/kg) based on web search unspecifed sources. |
| P_Weaners | 3.74 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for Restocker Yearlings (Heifers and Steers) ($/kg live weight sold) from MLA https://www.mla.com/prices-markets/statistics/ for 5 year period 2019 - 2024. |
| Allocation | 1.0 | — | Allocation switch, 1 = Economic alocation (default for AusLCI), 2 = Energy allocation, 3 = Mass allocation, 4 = Protein Allocation. |
| PR_fert | 1.0 | — | Proportion of grazed area fertilsed with single superphosphate |
| KM_Cattle | 110.0 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for purchased bulls (km). See Durr et al. 2010 at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287990558_GIS_mapping_of_cattle_market_service_areas_using_the_National_Livestock_Identification_System_NLIS_-_Final_report |
| DM_Livecattle | 0.319 | — | Dry matter fraction of cattle |
| DeterminingProd | 4545.201 | KG_Weaners | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Determining product will change with production system: = KG_Weaners when KG_Weaners > KG_PrimeCattle, otherwise KG_PrimeCattle. |
| BioC_all_Corr_Primecattle | 310.29284867115666 | BioC_CurrentAll_PrimeCattle-BioC_Actual_Primecattle | This is the correction to the biogenic carbon required to balance the biogenic carbon for prime cattle in kg C. |
| AF_Cottonseed | — | — | Acid factor for cottonseed (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009). |
| Hay | 3010.267 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total hay fed (kg) |
| BioC_all__corr_CulledBreeders | 274.78975948993025 | BioC_Actual_CulledBreeders-BioC_CurrentAll_CulledBreeders | This is the correction to the biogenic carbon required to balance the biogenic carbon for culled breeders in kg C. |
| BioC_Actual_Primecattle | 3609.6815202690004 | kg_Primecattle*DM_Livecattle*CC_Livecattle | The actual amount of biogenic carbon which should be allocated Prime cattle in kg C. |
| Evap_water_loss_T | 29.655153000000002 | Evap_water_loss*HA_GRAZING | (1,1,1,1,1,na) 1.05 Uncertainty. Total evaporative water loss from farm dams (ML/year) |
| Pro_PrimeCattle | 1673.28888 | KG_PrimeCattle*PC_Lwt*EFF_P_Lwt | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total protein requirement to produce PrimeCattle (kg) |
| PUR_Bulls_WT | 900.0 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Liveweight (kg) of replacement bulls purchased each year. Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011) and Gross Margin publications ( New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| Cows | 100.009 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Number of cows and heifers mated using herd structure from from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011) and farm gross margins (New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| LEACH_N2O | 25.108 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from leached N. Calculated using GAFF Beef and Sheep based on National Inventory Report 2021. Volume 1. Frac_WET estimated independently for each livestock region. |
| KM_fuel | 300.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for fuel to farm (km) |
| Vaccine | 372.034 | (Cows+Calves_weaned)*Vaccine_vol | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Vaccine administered for clostridial and reproductive diseases (ml). |
| CC_Molasses | 0.347 | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content of 0.42 as DM |
| KG_PrimeCattle | 20916.111 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Prime cattle sold (kg live weight) e.g. steers/bullocks, heifers (2 and 3 year old), calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications ( New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| BioC_Products | 5751.185855734001 | Producttotal*DM_Livecattle*CC_Livecattle | kg biogenic carbon in outputs of all products in the inventory before applying allocation |
| DU_N2O | 43.396 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from dung and urine. Calculated using GAFF Beef and Sheep based on National Inventory Report 2021. Volume 1. |
| P_fert | 10.0 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Fertiliser applied as single superphosphate 8.8% P (kg/ha/year). Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications ( New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| All_CulledBreeders_Eco | 17.85551653938017 | (KG_CulledBreeders*P_CulledBreeders)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners)*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Economic allocation fraction for Culled cattle (%) - default for AusLCI |
| Elec | 1.913 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) Electricity (kWh/Cow mated) calculated from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES for 2018-2022 (https://www.agriculture.gov.au/abares/data/farm-data-portal). |
| PUR_Bulls_NO | 0.819 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Number of replacement bulls purchased per year. Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011) and Gross Margin publications (New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| Protein_Pellets | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total protein pellets 20% CP fed (kg) |
| All_PrimeCattle | 68.15941037676423 | iff(Allocation=1;All_PrimeCattle_Eco;iff(Allocation=2; All_PrimeCattle_EN; iff(Allocation =3; All_PrimeCattle_Mass; All_Pro_PrimeCattle))) | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to prime cattle. (%) |
| DM_Molasses | 0.825 | — | Dry matter fraction of molasses |
| IntParasites_cows | 2.0 | — | Number of internal parasite treatments for cows (New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| CC_Dry_mix | — | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content 0.0 of dry season mix |
| ProductTotal | 33324.946 | KG_PrimeCattle+KG_CulledBreeders+kg_Weaners | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total production of cattle from this process (kg live weight) |
| TotalTkmRoad | 2147.4081651280003 | (Dry_mix*KM_Lick+Wet_mix*KM_LICK+Hay*KM_Hay+Copra*KM_Copra+Molasses*KM_Molasses+Cottonseed*KM_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*KM_Protein_Pellets+Tot_P_fert*KM_fert+Fuel_use*0.84*KM_fuel)/1000 | (3,1,1,1,1,na) 2.1 Uncertainty. Total transport for inputs to the system in tkm. All assumed to be transported by articulated trucks. |
| MAN_CH4 | 672.771 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg Methane from manure. Calculated using GAFF Beef and Sheep based on National Inventory Report 2021. Volume 1. |
| HA_GRAZING | 366.113 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Hectares grazing land by Livestock Region based on based on SA2 Level data from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2017/18-2021/22 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2023) and Land Use of Australia (ABARES 2025). |
| NAAR_Cattle | 11.330481640000002 | producttotal*af_cattle/1000 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Change in soil acidity (H ion eq/t) from export of cattle product |
| EN_CulledBreeders | 24377265.4 | En_lwt*1000*KG_CulledBreeders | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total calorific value (kcal) of VulledBreeders. |
| BioC_Actual_Weaners | 784.4062433790001 | kg_Weaners*DM_Livecattle*CC_Livecattle | The actual amount of biogenic carbon which should be allocated weaners in kg C. |
| ID_tags | 2150.2 | Calves_weaned*ID_tag | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Weight of ID tags total (g) |
| CC_Wet_mix | — | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content 0.0 of wet season mix |
| KM_Molasses | 400.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for molasses (km) |
| All_Weaners | 13.985073083855607 | iff(Allocation=1;All_Weaners_Eco;iff(Allocation=2; All_Weaners_EN; iff(Allocation =3; All_Weaners_Mass; All_Pro_Weaners))) | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to weaners. (%) |
| Fuel_use | 64.605814 | Fuel*Cows | (1,1,1,1,1,na) 1.05 Uncertainty. Whole farm fuel use (L) |
| Evap_water_loss | 0.081 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) Evaporative water loss from farm dams (ML/ha/year). Dam density described by National Inventory Report Vol 1 (Australian Government 2024) with evaporation rate from Bureau of Metorology 1990-2020. |
| BioC_CurrentAll_PrimeCattle | 3919.974368940157 | BioC_Products*All_PrimeCattle/100 | Due to the allocation approach this is how much biogenic CO2 is being directed to the prime cattle product. in kg C. This is likely not the correct amount. |
| CC_Protein_Pellets | 0.405 | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content of 0.5 as DM |
| Calves_weaned | 86.008 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Number of calves weaned using herd structure from from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011) and farm gross margins (New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| KM_Copra | 600.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for copra (km) |
| KM_Protein_pellets | 600.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for protein_pellets (km) |
| KM_fert | 200.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for fertiliser to farm (km) |
| EN_Weaners | 14090123.1 | EN_lwt*1000*KG_Weaners | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total calorific value (kcal) of Weaners. |
| Soil_C_loss | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Loss of Soil Orgnic Carbon t C/ha/year in 0-30cm layer |
| NAAR_Inputs | -2.074250656 | (Dry_mix*AF_Dry_mix+Wet_mix*AF_Wet_mix+Hay*AF_Hay+Copra*AF_Copra+Molasses*AF_Molasses+Cottonseed*AF_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*AF_Protein_Pellets)/1000 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Net change in soil acidity (H ion eq) from imported products (feeds, fertilizer) |
| AF_Protein_Pellets | — | — | Acid factor for protein pellets (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009). |
| All_Pro_Weaners | 13.639034853949953 | Pro_Weaners/Pro_Total*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to Weaners based on protein requirement (%) |
| All_Pro_PrimeCattle | 62.76412570931098 | Pro_PrimeCattle/Pro_Total*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to Prime Cattle based on protein requirement (%) |
| CC_livecattle | 0.541 | — | (2,3,1,1,1,na) Carbon content 0.541 of animal as DM. (Average carbon content of 0.175 C/kg liveweight assuming dressing of 63%, carcase composition of 70% meat, 20% fat and 10% bone; dry matter content of 15% by-product (blood, rumen, heads and hooves), 25% meat, 85% fat and 74% bone; and carbon content of 53% by-product, 53% meat, 76% fat and 7.5% bone.) |
| Tot_P_fert | 3661.13 | P_fert*HA_Grazing*PR_fert | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total fertiliser applied as single superphosphate (kg) |
| BioC_as_CH4_emissions | 8960.7567705 | (Ent_CH4+Man_CH4+Dam_Ch4)*12/16 | kg biogenic carbon emitted as methane from various sources. |
| All_PrimeCattle_En | 62.76412570931098 | En_PrimeCattle/Tot_En*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to PrimeCattle based on energy content (%) |
| All_Weaners_Mass | 13.63903485394995 | kg_Weaners/ProductTotal*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Mass allocation fraction for Weaner cattle (%) |
| All_PrimeCattle_Eco | 68.15941037676423 | (P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners)*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Economic allocation fraction for Prime cattle - default for AusLCI (%) |
| P_CulledBreeders | 2.76 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for National Processor Cow Indicator ($/kg live weight sold) from MLA https://www.mla.com/prices-markets/statistics/ for 5 year period 2019 - 2024. |
| All_Weaners_Eco | 13.985073083855607 | (KG_Weaners*P_Weaners)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners)*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Economic allocation fraction for Weaned cattle - default for AusLCI (%) |
| EFF_P_Lwt | 0.4 | — | Efficiency of use of absorbed protein partitioned to liveweight. Mariz, L.D.S. 2018 J. Anim Sci 96: 670-683 doi: 10.1093/jas/sky018 |
| ENT_CH4 | 10968.102 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg Methane from enteric fermentation. Calculated using GAFF Beef and Sheep based on National Inventory Report 2021. Volume 1. |
| DM_Protein_Pellets | 0.9 | — | Dry matter fraction of protein pellets |
| Cottonseed | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total cottonseed fed (kg) |
| Copra | — | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total copra meal fed (kg) |
| PUR_Bulls | 737.0999999999999 | PUR_Bulls_WT*PUR_Bulls_NO | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total liveweight of replacement bulls purchased each year (kg) |
| All_CulledBreeders_En | 23.596839436739074 | En_CulledBreeders/Tot_En*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to CulledBreeders based on energy content (%) |
| BioC_inputs | 1186.8219649 | Hay*DM_hay*CC_Hay+Copra*DM_Copra*CC_Copra+Molasses*DM_Molasses*CC_Molasses+Cottonseed*DM_Cottonseed*CC_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*DM_Protein_Pellets*CC_Protein_Pellets+PUR_Bulls*DM_Livecattle*CC_Livecattle | kg biogenic carbon inputs from feeds |
| Cattle | 201.996 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total number of cattle (Adult Equivalents) carried for the year using herd structure from from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011) and farm gross margins (New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| AF_Dry_mix | 0.012 | — | Acid factor for urea (kMol/kg) assuming 30% urea in dry season mix, based on (Baldock et al. 2009). |
| KM_Cottonseed | 400.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for cottonseed (km) |
| ID_tag | 25.0 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Weight of plastic ID tag individual (g) |
| Dry_mix | 2744.687 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total dry season lick (kg) |
| EN_PrimeCattle | 64839944.1 | EN_lwt*1000*KG_PrimeCattle | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total calorific value (kcal) of PrimeCattle. |
| KM_Hay | 100.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for hay (km) |
| IntParasites_weaners | 2.0 | — | Number of internal parasite treatments for weaners (New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| DAM_CH4_HA | 0.838 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Methane emissions form farm dams (kg CH4 ha/yr), calcuted using the temperature based approach descibed by National Inventory Report Vol 1 (Australian Government 2024). Dam density described by National Inventory Report Vol 1 (Australian Government 2024). |
| DAM_CH4 | 306.802694 | DAM_CH4_ha*HA_GRAZING | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total methane emissions form darm dams (kg) (excluding manure fraction which is counted elsewhere) |
| Pro_Total | 2665.99568 | Pro_CulledBreeders+Pro_PrimeCattle+Pro_Weaners | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Total protein requirment for all coproducts leaving the farm (kg) |
| KG_Weaners | 4545.201 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Weaners sold (kg live weight) - both sexes < 1 year old, calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications ( New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2023; Ag Excellence Alliance 2024). |
| KM_Lick | 400.0 | — | (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for dry and wet season lick (km) |
| BioC_CurrentAll_CulledBreeders | 1082.3083325960697 | (BioC_Products+BioC_all_Corr_Primecattle)*All_Culledbreeders/100 | Due to the allocation approach this is how much biogenic CO2 is being directed to the culled breeders product. in kg C. This is likely not the correct amount. |
| N_LeachGW | 1436.5768950000001 | TotN_LeachGW-(TotN_LeachGW*EFN_Leach) | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.4 Uncertainty. N leached to ground water adjusted for N loss from N2O (kg). |
| Fuel | 0.646 | — | (1,1,1,1,1,na) Fuel (L diesel/Cow mated) calculated from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES for 2018-2022 (https://www.agriculture.gov.au/abares/data/farm-data-portal). |
| Vaccine_vol | 2.0 | — | (2,1,1,1,1,na) Volume of individual vaccine (ml) |
| All_Weaners_En | 13.639034853949953 | En_Weaners/Tot_En*100 | (2,1,1,1,1,na) 1.07 Uncertainty. Allocation to Weaners based on energy content (%) |