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Cattle production, Yearling, South West Slopes , NSW, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U

Unit process Australia v00.00.000

Included processes: The inventory begins with the breeding, growing and maintenance of cattle herd in the NSW South West Slopes including pasture, feed inputs, supplements and energy use on farm The system boundary ends at the field gate with the production of cattle for sale in three classes - weaners, prime cattle and culled cattle. The direct emissions on the field are also included. Excluded processes: Indirect land use change is not included by default however the details of land use change in NSW South West Slopes is included in parameters of the inventory. Remark: This process is an unallocated coproducing process for cattle production in NSW South West Slopes and should not be used directly in an LCA. For specific products use the allocated inventory processes for specific products. This inventory has been developed as with support from Australian Government through the National Landcare Programme Innovation Grants for the project ?AusAgLCI - enabling continual improvement of sustainability by life cycle impact assessment (INNOV-033)? which is was undertaken by CSIRO Agriculture and Life Cycle Strategies from 2014-2016. Technology: Average Time period: 2010/11 to 2014/15 Version: 1.0 Record: Data entry by: Javi Navarro Tel: ; email: javi.navarro@csiro.au; company:CSIRO; Country: AU Generator: Generator/publicator: Javi Navarro Tel: ; email: javi.navarro@csiro.au; company:CSIRO; Country: AU

Sector
Material
Contributor
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Last updated
27 Apr 2019
Reference ID
c54739da-74f0-36e2-a05c-a64ed32ab162

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Documentation

Quantitative reference
Cattle production, Yearling, South West Slopes , NSW, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U
Sampling procedure
Herd structure and product turn-off from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
Creation date
27 Apr 2019
Is copyright protected
No
Is infrastructure process
No
Tags
material
Sources
Land Use of Australia, 2010-11
Agricultural Commodities, Australia, 2014-15
Building a foundation for soil condition assessment
Farm budgets and costs: Livestock gross margin budgets
Farm Business Planning Tools
Livestock Farm Monitor Project Results 2013/14
National Inventory Report 2013 Volume 1
Representative Herds Templates for Northern Australia V1.00
Rural Solutions SA PIRSA (2015) Farm Gross Margin 2015
Slattery, W, Ridley, A, Windsor, S Ash alkalinity of animal and plant products.
Updated FarmGAS Tools and Support Material

Product outputs

Flow AmountUnitComment
Cattle production, Yearling, South West Slopes , NSW, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U 1.0 kg Unallocation inventory for production of a range of cattle in this region as described in the comment field

Technical inputs

Flow AmountUnitComment
Cattle, internal parasite control {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.008738044894171605 Item(s) Number of anthelmintic treatments for the herd.
Chemical, organic {GLO}| market for chemical, organic | Cut-off, U 0.011207518038744634 g Vaccine administered for clostridial and reproductive diseases.
Cottonseed meal, at oil mill {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total copra for herd.
Cottonseed meal, at oil mill {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total cottonseed for herd.
Cottonseed meal, at oil mill {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total protein pellets for herd.
Diesel {RoW}| market for diesel | Cut-off, U 0.068526 kg Fuel use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Dry season mix, 30% urea, 5.5% P, at production {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total dry season lick for herd.
Electricity, low voltage {AU-NSW}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.047 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-NT}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-QLD}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-SA}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-VIC}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Electricity, low voltage {AU-WA-SWIS}| market for electricity, low voltage | AusLCI, U 0.0 kWh Electricity use obtained from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
Fertilizing, broadacre crop, pre & post-emergence, conventional {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.00018796337026501537 ha Application of fertiliser to pasture
Forage sorghum, irrigated, Darling Downs QLD {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total forage sorghum grazed by herd.
Molasses, C-grade, at mill gate, {AU-QLD}| sugarcane milling | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total molasses for herd.
Native Pasture hay, Northern Australia {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total hay for herd.
Oat grain, dryland, Central and SW Slopes and Plains, NSW_Vic, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total forage oats grazed for herd.
Polyurethane, flexible foam {RoW}| market for polyurethane, flexible foam | Cut-off, U 0.061736828614325716 g Total weight of ID tags.
Single superphosphate {AU}| market for single superphosphate | AusLCI, U 0.02142782421021175 kg Single superphosphate for pasture improvement
Transport, truck, 28t, fleet average {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 t*km Total transport of inputs to region. All assumed to be by articulated truck
Wet season mix, 0% N 21% P, at production {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total wet season lick for herd.
Wet season mix, 20% GranAm, 40% Kynofos, 40% Salt, at production {AU}| | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total wet season lick for herd.
Wheat grain, dryland, Sydney Basin, NSW_Vic, at farm {AU}|_obsolete | AusLCI, U 0.0 kg Total wheat for herd.

Elementary flow inputs

Flow Sub-compartment AmountUnitComment
Carbon dioxide, in air in air 0.16866666666666666 kg Net atmospheric CO2 absorbed by production system (if positive) or released (if negative) based on
Occupation, grassland, natural, for livestock grazing — 0.0009398168513250767 ha*a Intersection of livestock region (based on SA2 units) and 2010 Land Use Map (Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences 2016) for natural and sown pastures
Water, unspecified natural origin, Lachlan, NSW, AU — 0.000014654293181165818 ML Evaporative water loss from farm dam occuring in Lachlan, NSW, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Lachlan, NSW, AU — 5.507620454528039 l Total water use is calculated from cattle drinking water requirements taking account water content of feed and mean ambient temperature occuring in Lachlan, NSW, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Murray, NSW, VIC and SA, AU — 0.000014962472717089162 ML Evaporative water loss from farm dam occuring in Murray, NSW, VIC and SA, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Murray, NSW, VIC and SA, AU — 5.623445618849157 l Total water use is calculated from cattle drinking water requirements taking account water content of feed and mean ambient temperature occuring in Murray, NSW, VIC and SA, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Murray, NSW, VIC and SA, AU — 5.623445618849157 l Total water use is calculated from cattle drinking water requirements taking account water content of feed and mean ambient temperature occuring in Murray, NSW, VIC and SA, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Murray, NSW, VIC and SA, AU — 0.000014962472717089162 ML Evaporative water loss from farm dam occuring in Murray, NSW, VIC and SA, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Murrumbidgee, NSW, AU — 0.00006655619744306002 ML Evaporative water loss from farm dam occuring in Murrumbidgee, NSW, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, Murrumbidgee, NSW, AU — 25.01425827102513 l Total water use is calculated from cattle drinking water requirements taking account water content of feed and mean ambient temperature occuring in Murrumbidgee, NSW, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, South East Coast, NSW, VIC and SA, AU — 0.000000006309360017904957 ML Evaporative water loss from farm dam occuring in South East Coast, NSW, VIC and SA, AU catchment.
Water, unspecified natural origin, South East Coast, NSW, VIC and SA, AU — 0.002371288731568168 l Total water use is calculated from cattle drinking water requirements taking account water content of feed and mean ambient temperature occuring in South East Coast, NSW, VIC and SA, AU catchment.

Elementary flow outputs

Flow CompartmentSub-compartment AmountUnitComment
Ammonia Emission to airunspecified 0.11282070213691099 kg NH3 emission
Area grazed Non material emissions— 0.0009398168513250767 ha —
Copra feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Cottonseed feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Culled breeders Non material emissions— 0.24146678221695667 kg —
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airunspecified 0.001374149270661531 kg Dung and Urine N2O
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airunspecified 0.00007729159885185476 kg N2O leaching and runoff
Dinitrogen monoxide Emission to airunspecified 0.0005840130463557746 kg N2O atmospheric deposition
Direct electricity Non material emissions— 0.047 kWh —
Dry lick Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Dung & Urine N2O Non material emissions— 0.001374149270661531 kg —
Enteric methane Non material emissions— 0.3471938051170721 kg —
Evaporative water loss Non material emissions— 0.09617926856562435 m3 —
Hay feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Indirect N2O atm dep Non material emissions— 0.0005840130463557746 kg —
Indirect N2O leaching Non material emissions— 0.00007729159885185476 kg —
Livestock numbers Non material emissions— 621260.0 Item(s) —
Manure methane Non material emissions— 0.00009654716529079839 kg —
Methane, non-fossil Emission to airunspecified 0.00009654716529079839 kg Manure Methane
Methane, non-fossil Emission to airunspecified 0.3471938051170721 kg Enteric Methane
Molasses feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Nitrogen Emission to waterground water 0.0064764588119422765 kg N leached from Dung and Urine
Oats feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
P fertiliser Non material emissions— 0.02142782421021175 kg —
Prime cattle Non material emissions— 0.7585332177830433 kg —
Protein pellets feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Quantity of livestock Non material emissions— 114307377.92 kg —
Silage feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Sorghum feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Transportation to farm Non material emissions— 0.0 t*km —
Water intake of livestock Non material emissions— 0.036147694078783044 m3 —
Weaners Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Wet lick Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
Wheat feed Non material emissions— 0.0 kg —
hydrogen ions Emissions to soil— 0.0003400000000000001 kg Net change in H ions due to imports (feriliser, feeds) to and exports (cattle) from the farm

Parameters

NameValueFormulaDescription
Wheat — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total wheat fed (kg)
AF_Molasses — — Acid factor for molasses (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
Ent_CH4 39686813.49299999 DMI*EF_Ent enteric methane (kg) based on DMI and emission factor. From (Department of the Environment 2015)
ID_tags 7056975.0 Calves_weaned*ID_tag Weight of ID tags total (g)
Lime_purity 0.9 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) - fractional purity of limestone NIR 2023 (DCCEEW 2025).
AF_Dry_mix 0.012 — Acid factor for urea (kMol/kg) assuming 30% urea in dry season mix, based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
Cows 358272.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Number of cows and heifers mated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
All_Weaners_Mass — kg_Weaners/ProductTotal Mass allocation fraction for Culled cattle
ATMOS_N2O 66757.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from N deposited from atmosphere. Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
AF_Wet_mix — — Acid factor for urea (kMol/kg) assuming 30% urea in wet season mix, based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
CC_Cottonseed 0.45 — Carbon content 0.50 of cottonseed as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
P_fert 114.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Fertiliser applied as single superphosphate 8.8% P (kg/ha/year). Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014).
SOC_change — — Change in SOC t C/ha/year in 0-30cm layer
Protein_Pellets — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total protein pellets fed (kg)
Sorghum_graz — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total area of forage sorghum planed and grazed (ha)
All_Weaners_Eco — (KG_Weaners*P_Weaners)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners) Economic allocation fraction for Weaned cattle - default for AusLCI
CC_Hay 0.4 — Carbon content 0.44 of hay as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
MAN_CH4 11036.05331 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg Manure methane. Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
F_Lachlan_NSW 0.152364365 — Fraction of Lachlan, NSW, AU catchment in livestock region.
N_LeachGW 740307.025 TotN_LeachGW-(TotN_LeachGW*EFN_Leach) N leached to ground water adjusted for N loss from N2O (kg).
Cattle 621260.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total number of livestock carried for the year using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
Calves_weaned 282279.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Number calves weaned using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
AF_Copra — — Acid factor for copra (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
Anthelmintics 998823.0 Cows*2+Calves_weaned Number of doses of anthelmintic adimistered for internal parasites
All_PrimeCattle 0.8777542451869929 All_PrimeCattle_Eco*EconomicAll+All_PrimeCattle_Mass*(1-EconomicAll) Allocation fraction for culled breeding cattle based on ecnomic allocation of beef - default for AusLCI
CC_Oats_graz — — Carbon content 0.40 of oats as delivered assuming moisture content of 70%
P_CulledBreeders 0.756875 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for Culled breeders ($/kg live weight sold) using Gross Margins from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014).
Fuel_use 9258897.61152 Fuel*ProductTotal Fuel used
TotN_LeachGW 749678.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) total N leached to ground water (kg). Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
CC_Silage 0.2 — Carbon content 0.44 of silage as delivered assuming moisture content of 55%
KG_PrimeCattle 86705943.19 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Prime cattle sold (kg live weight) ? e.g. steers/bullocks, heifers (2 and 3 year old), calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
KG_CulledBreeders 27601434.73 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Culled cattle sold (kg live weight) ? e.g. mature bulls, cows and spay cows >3 years old, calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
DMI 1845898302.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg Dry matter Intake. (Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
BiogenicCO2 — SOC_change*3.667*HA_GRAZING*0 Total SOC change in units of CO2-eq
KM_Molasses 400.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for molasses (km)
Fuel 0.081 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Fuel (L diesel/kg LW of cattle sold) calculated from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
KM_Lick — — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for dry and wet season lick (km)
Tot_P_fert 2449358.4 P_fert*HA_Grazing*PR_fert Total fertiliser applied as single superphosphate
F_Murrumbidgee_NSW 0.692001493 — Fraction of Murrumbidgee, NSW, AU catchment in livestock region.
TotalTkmRoad — (Dry_mix*KM_Lick+Wet_mix*KM_LICK+Hay*KM_Hay+Copra*KM_Copra+Molasses*KM_Molasses+Cottonseed*KM_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*KM_Protein_Pellets+Wheat*KM_Wheat)/1000 Total transport for inputs to the system in tkm. All assumed to be transported for articulated trucks.
F_South_East_Coast_NSW_VIC_and_SA 0.0000656 — Fraction of South East Coast, NSW, VIC and SA, AU catchment in livestock region.
P_PrimeCattle 1.73 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for Prime cattle ($/kg live weight sold) using Gross Margins from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014).
ProductTotal 114307377.92 KG_PrimeCattle+KG_CulledBreeders+kg_Weaners Total production of cattle from this process (kg live weight)
CC_Dry_mix — — Carbon content 0.0 of dry season mix as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
All_PrimeCattle_Eco 0.8777542451869929 (P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners) Economic allocation fraction for Prime cattle - default for AusLCI
AF_Cottonseed — — Acid factor for cottonseed (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
CC_Molasses 0.347 — Carbon content 0.42 of molasses as delivered assuming moisture content of 17.5%
C_cattle 5258139.38432 CC_cattle*ProductTotal kg of biogenic carbon in cattle leaving the system as products
EF_Ent 0.0215 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Enteric Methane emission factor in kg methane per kg of DMI. From (Department of the Environment 2015)
Oats_graz — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total area of forage oats planted and grazed (ha)
All_Weaners — All_Weaners_Eco*EconomicAll+All_Weaners_Mass*(1-EconomicAll) Allocation being used by the inventory after applicaion of economic/mass allocation switch.
AF_Protein_Pellets — — Acid factor for protein pellets (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
CC_Wheat 0.36 — Carbon content 0.40 of wheat as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
KG_Weaners — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Quantity of Weaners sold (kg live weight) - both sexes < 1 year old, calculated using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
P_Weaners 1.73 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Average price for Weaners ($/kg live weight sold) using Gross Margins from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014).
EconomicAll 1.0 — By default this is set to 1 for economic allocation of different cattle classes. For mass allocation set to 0.
ID_tag 25.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Weight of plastic ID tag individual (g)
C_imported — Dry_mix*CC_Dry_mix+Wet_mix*CC_Wet_mix+Hay*CC_Hay+Copra*CC_Copra+Molasses*CC_Molasses+Cottonseed*CC_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*CC_Protein_Pellets+Wheat*CC_Wheat kg of biogenic carbon in imported feed
NAAR_Inputs — (Dry_mix*AF_Dry_mix+Wet_mix*AF_Wet_mix+Hay*AF_Hay+Copra*AF_Copra+Molasses*AF_Molasses+Cottonseed*AF_Cottonseed+Protein_Pellets*AF_Protein_Pellets+Wheat*AF_Wheat)/1000 Net change in soil acidity (H ion eq) from imported products (feeds, fertilizer)
CC_cattle 0.046 — Carbon content 0.152 of cattle as delivered assuming moisture content of 70%
NAAR_Cattle 38864.50849280001 producttotal*af_cattle/1000 Change in soil acidity (H ion eq) from export of cattle product
Molasses — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total molasses fed (kg)
LEACH_N2O 8835.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from leached N. Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
Evap_water_loss 10994.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Evaporative water loss from farm dams (ML). Potential evaporation from long-term annual Australian 5 km potential evaporation surface (Penman, 1981-2010; Donohue et al, 2013). Dam surface area from regional-scale surface hydrology polygons, Geoscience Australia (Crossman and Li 2015).
Hay — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total hay fed (kg)
KM_Cottonseed 400.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for cottonseed (km)
All_CulledBreeders_Mass 0.24146678221695667 kg_CulledBreeders/ProductTotal Mass allocation fraction for Culled cattle
F_Murray_NSW_VIC_and_SA 0.155568585 — Fraction of Murray, NSW, VIC and SA, AU catchment in livestock region.
Vaccine_vol 2.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Volume of individual vaccine (ml)
CC_Protein_Pellets 0.405 — Carbon content 0.50 of protein_pellets as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
KM_Copra 400.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for copra (km)
KM_Protein_pellets 600.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for protein_pellets (km)
All_CulledBreeders_Eco 0.12224575481300723 (KG_CulledBreeders*P_CulledBreeders)/(P_PrimeCattle*KG_PrimeCattle+P_CulledBreeders*KG_CulledBreeders+KG_Weaners*P_weaners) Economic allocation fraction for Culled cattle - default for AusLCI
AF_Hay -0.7 — Acid factor for hay (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
EFN_Leach 0.0125 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Emissions factor for proportion of N leached released as N2O.
Copra — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total copra meal fed (kg)
CC_Sorghum_graz — — Carbon content 0.44 of forage sorghum as delivered assuming moisture content of 70%
Water 4131948128.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total drinking water intake (L/year)
PR_fert 0.2 — Proportion of grazed area fertilsed with single superphosphate
AF_Cattle 0.34 — Acid factor for red meat (kMol/kg) based on (Slattery et al.).
Elec 0.047 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Electricity (kWh/kg LW cattle sold) calculated from economic data reported in farm survey data from ABARES (http://apps.daff.gov.au/MLA/).
C_added 5258139.38432 C_cattle-C_imported Net carbon added by this process, from pasture into cattle less carbon output from cattle via respiration and manure. Assumes soil carbon is stable thorugh the process.
Silage — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total weight of silage grown and fed (kg)
DU_N2O 157075.4 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) kg N2O from dung and urine. Calculated using FarmGAS (Australian Farm Institute 2010) based on methodologies in National Inventory Report (Department of the Environment 2015) using herd structure from Breedcow Beef CRC templates (Holmes et al. 2011), Gross Margin publications (Department of Primary Industries Parks Water and Environment 2015; New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 2016; Rural Solutions SA PIRSA 2015) and farm bench-marking programs (Department of Primary Industries 2014) with total livestock numbers from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
HA_GRAZING 107428.0 — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Hectares grazing land by Livestock Region (based on SA2 Level data from Agricultural Commodities data for five years from 2010/11-2014/15 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016).
Elec_use 5372446.76224 Elec*ProductTotal Electricity used
All_PrimeCattle_Mass 0.7585332177830433 kg_PrimeCattle/ProductTotal Mass allocation fraction for Prime cattle
Cottonseed — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total cottonseed fed (kg)
AF_Wheat — — Acid factor for wheat (kMol/kg) based on (Baldock et al. 2009).
Wet_mix — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total wet season lick (kg)
Vaccine 1281102.0 (Cows+Calves_weaned)*Vaccine_vol Vaccine administered for clostridial and reproductive diseases (ml).
KM_Hay 100.0 — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for hay (km)
All_Culledbreeders 0.12224575481300723 All_CulledBreeders_Eco*EconomicAll+All_CulledBreeders_Mass*(1-EconomicAll) Allocation fraction for culled cattle based on ecnomic allocation of beef - default for AusLCI
KM_Wheat — — (3,1,1,1,1,na) Estimate of transport distance for wheat (km)
CC_Copra 0.45 — Carbon content 0.5 of copra as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%
Dry_mix — — (2,1,1,1,1,na) Total dry season lick (kg)
CC_Wet_mix — — Carbon content 0.0 of wet season mix as delivered assuming moisture content of 10%